SQL Server/T-SQL Tutorial/Query/LIKE
Содержание
- 1 Any of the wildcard characters (%, _" [, ], or ?) enclosed in square brackets stand for themselves.
- 2 begin with a character in the range C through F.
- 3 ESCAPE option
- 4 Example Results that match the mask
- 5 LIKE "DAMI[EO]N"
- 6 LIKE is an operator that compares column values with a specified pattern.
- 7 LIKE "N[^K-Y]"
- 8 NOT LIKE "[1-9]%"
- 9 Pattern matching with upper case string
- 10 The character ^ specifies the negation of a range or a list of characters.
- 11 The condition column NOT LIKE "pattern" is equivalent to the condition NOT (column LIKE "pattern")
- 12 The syntax of the WHERE clause with a LIKE phrase
- 13 The use of the wildcard characters % and_.
- 14 use LIKE to retrieve rows that match a string pattern.
- 15 Use two variables in like function
- 16 Using Wildcards with LIKE and "_"
Any of the wildcard characters (%, _" [, ], or ?) enclosed in square brackets stand for themselves.
<source lang="sql">
3> 4> 5> CREATE TABLE employee( 6> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 7> first_name VARCHAR(10), 8> last_name VARCHAR(10), 9> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 10> start_Date DATETIME, 11> region VARCHAR(10), 12> city VARCHAR(20), 13> managerid INTEGER 14> ); 15> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "%[_]%" 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "%!_%" ESCAPE "!" 2> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO</source>
begin with a character in the range C through F.
<source lang="sql">
5> CREATE TABLE employee( 6> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 7> first_name VARCHAR(10), 8> last_name VARCHAR(10), 9> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 10> start_Date DATETIME, 11> region VARCHAR(10), 12> city VARCHAR(20), 13> managerid INTEGER 14> ); 15> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> 5> SELECT * 6> FROM Employee 7> WHERE first_name LIKE "[C-F]%" 8> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
(2 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> drop table employee; 5> GO</source>
ESCAPE option
<source lang="sql">
Any of the wildcard characters (%, _" [, ], or ?) enclosed in square brackets stand for themselves. An equivalent feature is available through the ESCAPE option. 8> 9> CREATE TABLE employee( 10> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 11> first_name VARCHAR(10), 12> last_name VARCHAR(10), 13> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 14> start_Date DATETIME, 15> region VARCHAR(10), 16> city VARCHAR(20), 17> managerid INTEGER 18> ); 19> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "%[_]%" 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "%!_%" ESCAPE "!" 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO 1></source>
Example Results that match the mask
<source lang="sql">
20> 21> 22> create table Bankers( 23> BankerID Integer, 24> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 25> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 26> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 27> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 28> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 29> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 30> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 31> ) 32> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> select * from Bankers WHERE BankerCity LIKE "SAN%" 4> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
7 OIP Inc. Yam Act San Franc FG 77777 777-777-7777
(1 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO 1></source>
LIKE "DAMI[EO]N"
<source lang="sql">
3> create table Bankers( 4> BankerID Integer, 5> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 6> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 7> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 12> ) 13> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> select * from Bankers WHERE BankerContactLName LIKE "DAMI[EO]N" 4> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO 1></source>
LIKE is an operator that compares column values with a specified pattern.
<source lang="sql">
% (percent sign) sign specifies any sequence of zero or more characters. _(underscore) specifies any single character.
9> CREATE TABLE employee( 10> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 11> first_name VARCHAR(10), 12> last_name VARCHAR(10), 13> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 14> start_Date DATETIME, 15> region VARCHAR(10), 16> city VARCHAR(20), 17> managerid INTEGER 18> ); 19> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "J%" 5> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
(3 rows affected) 1> drop table employee; 2> GO</source>
LIKE "N[^K-Y]"
<source lang="sql">
2> 3> create table Bankers( 4> BankerID Integer, 5> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 6> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 7> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 12> ) 13> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> select * from Bankers WHERE BankerState LIKE "N[^K-Y]" 4> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO 1></source>
NOT LIKE "[1-9]%"
<source lang="sql">
5> create table Bankers( 6> BankerID Integer, 7> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 12> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 13> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 14> ) 15> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from Bankers WHERE BankerZipCode NOT LIKE "[1-9]%" 3> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
0 GHJ Inc. Bit Lee Ticker MN 00000 000-000-0000
(1 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO 1> --use the NOT keyword before the LIKE keyword. 2></source>
Pattern matching with upper case string
<source lang="sql">
4> CREATE TABLE employee( 5> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 6> first_name VARCHAR(10), 7> last_name VARCHAR(10), 8> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 9> start_Date DATETIME, 10> region VARCHAR(10), 11> city VARCHAR(20), 12> managerid INTEGER 13> ); 14> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT RTRIM(First_Name) + " " + RTRIM(Last_Name) As Player_Found 5> FROM Employee 6> WHERE UPPER(Last_Name) like "%i%" 7> GO Player_Found
Jason Martin James Smith Celia Rice (3 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO</source>
The character ^ specifies the negation of a range or a list of characters.
<source lang="sql">
do not begin with the letters J, K, L, M, N, or O 7> CREATE TABLE employee( 8> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 9> first_name VARCHAR(10), 10> last_name VARCHAR(10), 11> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 12> start_Date DATETIME, 13> region VARCHAR(10), 14> city VARCHAR(20), 15> managerid INTEGER 16> ); 17> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "[^J-O]%" 5> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
(4 rows affected) 1> drop table employee; 2> GO</source>
The condition column NOT LIKE "pattern" is equivalent to the condition NOT (column LIKE "pattern")
<source lang="sql">
5> CREATE TABLE employee( 6> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 7> first_name VARCHAR(10), 8> last_name VARCHAR(10), 9> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 10> start_Date DATETIME, 11> region VARCHAR(10), 12> city VARCHAR(20), 13> managerid INTEGER 14> ); 15> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name NOT LIKE "[^J-O]%" 5> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
(4 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE NOT ( first_name LIKE "[^J-O]%") 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
(4 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO 1> 2></source>
The syntax of the WHERE clause with a LIKE phrase
<source lang="sql">
WHERE match_expression [NOT] LIKE pattern Wildcard symbols Symbol Description % Matches any string of zero or more characters. _ Matches any single character. [ ] Matches a single character listed within the brackets. [ - ] Matches a single character within the given range. [ ^ ] Matches a single character not listed after the caret.</source>
The use of the wildcard characters % and_.
<source lang="sql">
7> CREATE TABLE employee( 8> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 9> first_name VARCHAR(10), 10> last_name VARCHAR(10), 11> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 12> start_Date DATETIME, 13> region VARCHAR(10), 14> city VARCHAR(20), 15> managerid INTEGER 16> ); 17> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, NULL , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 NULL Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> SELECT * FROM employee WHERE first_name LIKE "_a%" 4> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
(4 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO</source>
use LIKE to retrieve rows that match a string pattern.
<source lang="sql">
5> 6> 7> create table Bankers( 8> BankerID Integer, 9> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 12> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 13> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 14> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 15> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 16> ) 17> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> select * from Bankers WHERE BankerState LIKE "N[A-J]" 4> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO</source>
Use two variables in like function
<source lang="sql">
3> create table Bankers( 4> BankerID Integer, 5> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 6> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 7> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 12> ) 13> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> DECLARE @alpha nchar(1), @endalpha nchar(1) 5> SET @alpha = "c" 6> SET @endalpha = "o" 7> SELECT * 8> FROM Bankers 9> WHERE BankerName LIKE @alpha + "%" + @endalpha 10> GO BankerID BankerName BankerContactLName BankerContactFName BankerCity BankerState BankerZipCode BankerPhone
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Bankers; 3> GO 1> 2></source>
Using Wildcards with LIKE and "_"
<source lang="sql">
5> 6> CREATE TABLE employee( 7> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 8> first_name VARCHAR(10), 9> last_name VARCHAR(10), 10> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 11> start_Date DATETIME 12> ); 13> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> select * from employee; 2> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------------------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT ID, 5> first_Name 6> FROM employee 7> WHERE first_Name LIKE "%/_____%" ESCAPE "/" 8> GO ID first_Name
----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO</source>
