Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial/Analytical Functions/OVER
Содержание
- 1 AVG(salary) OVER
- 2 Ratio-to-Report
- 3 ROUND(AVG(salary) OVER())
- 4 sum over (nothing)
- 5 sum over partition by, order by
- 6 sum salary over PARTITION BY
- 7 Use partitioning in the OVER clause of the aggregate-analytical function
- 8 Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER
- 9 Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER (ORDER BY StudentID, Mark)
- 10 Using Analytic Functions AVG(Mark) OVER (PARTITION BY StudentID ORDER BY StudentID, Mark)
- 11 Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER(PARTITION BY StudentID ORDER BY StudentID, Mark RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
AVG(salary) OVER
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL, 3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 5 Start_Date DATE, 6 End_Date DATE, 7 Salary Number(8,2), 8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE) 10 ) 11 /
Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer 02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester 03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester 04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager 05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester 06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester 07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager 08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT id, first_name, salary,
2 AVG(salary) OVER() "Avg. salary" 3 FROM employee 4 ORDER BY first_name 5 /
ID FIRST_NAME SALARY Avg. salary
---------- ---------- -----------
02 Alison 6661.78 4071.7525 04 Celia 2344.78 4071.7525 07 David 7897.78 4071.7525 03 James 6544.78 4071.7525 08 James 1232.78 4071.7525 01 Jason 1234.56 4071.7525 06 Linda 4322.78 4071.7525 05 Robert 2334.78 4071.7525 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped. SQL></source>
Ratio-to-Report
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL, 3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 5 Start_Date DATE, 6 End_Date DATE, 7 Salary Number(8,2), 8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE) 10 ) 11 /
Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer 02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester 03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester 04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager 05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester 06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester 07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager 08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> COLUMN portion FORMAT 99.9999 SQL> SELECT first_name, salary,
2 salary/SUM(salary) OVER() Portion 3 FROM employee 4 ORDER BY salary 5 /
FIRST_NAME SALARY PORTION
---------- --------
James 1232.78 .0378 Jason 1234.56 .0379 Robert 2334.78 .0717 Celia 2344.78 .0720 Linda 4322.78 .1327 James 6544.78 .2009 Alison 6661.78 .2045 David 7897.78 .2425 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped. SQL></source>
ROUND(AVG(salary) OVER())
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL, 3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 5 Start_Date DATE, 6 End_Date DATE, 7 Salary Number(8,2), 8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE) 10 ) 11 /
Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer 02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester 03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester 04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager 05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester 06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester 07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager 08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT id, first_name, salary,
2 ROUND(AVG(salary) OVER()) "Avg. salary" 3 FROM employee 4 ORDER BY first_name 5 /
ID FIRST_NAME SALARY Avg. salary
---------- ---------- -----------
02 Alison 6661.78 4072 04 Celia 2344.78 4072 07 David 7897.78 4072 03 James 6544.78 4072 08 James 1232.78 4072 01 Jason 1234.56 4072 06 Linda 4322.78 4072 05 Robert 2334.78 4072 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.</source>
sum over (nothing)
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP(
2 EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL, 3 ENAME VARCHAR2(10), 4 JOB VARCHAR2(9), 5 MGR NUMBER(4), 6 HIREDATE DATE, 7 SAL NUMBER(7, 2), 8 COMM NUMBER(7, 2), 9 DEPTNO NUMBER(2) 10 );
Table created. SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7369, "SMITH", "CLERK", 7902,TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7521, "WARD", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7566, "JONES", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("2-APR-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> break on deptno skip 1 SQL> select deptno,
2 ename, 3 sal, 4 sum(sal) over (partition by deptno order by sal) CumDeptTot, 5 sum(sal) over (partition by deptno) SalByDept, 6 sum(sal) over (order by deptno, sal) CumTot, 7 sum(sal) over () TotSal 8 from emp 9 order by deptno, sal 10 / DEPTNO ENAME SAL CUMDEPTTOT SALBYDEPT CUMTOT TOTSAL
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
10 MILLER 1300 1300 8750 1300 29025 CLARK 2450 3750 8750 3750 29025 KING 5000 8750 8750 8750 29025 20 SMITH 800 800 10875 9550 29025 ADAMS 1100 1900 10875 10650 29025 JONES 2975 4875 10875 13625 29025 SCOTT 3000 10875 10875 19625 29025 FORD 3000 10875 10875 19625 29025 30 JAMES 950 950 9400 20575 29025 DEPTNO ENAME SAL CUMDEPTTOT SALBYDEPT CUMTOT TOTSAL
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
30 MARTIN 1250 3450 9400 23075 29025 WARD 1250 3450 9400 23075 29025 TURNER 1500 4950 9400 24575 29025 ALLEN 1600 6550 9400 26175 29025 BLAKE 2850 9400 9400 29025 29025
14 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped.</source>
sum over partition by, order by
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP(
2 EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL, 3 ENAME VARCHAR2(10), 4 JOB VARCHAR2(9), 5 MGR NUMBER(4), 6 HIREDATE DATE, 7 SAL NUMBER(7, 2), 8 COMM NUMBER(7, 2), 9 DEPTNO NUMBER(2) 10 );
Table created. SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7369, "SMITH", "CLERK", 7902,TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7521, "WARD", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7566, "JONES", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("2-APR-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> break on deptno skip 1 SQL> select deptno,
2 ename, 3 sal, 4 sum(sal) over (partition by deptno order by sal) CumDeptTot, 5 sum(sal) over (partition by deptno) SalByDept, 6 sum(sal) over (order by deptno, sal) CumTot, 7 sum(sal) over () TotSal 8 from emp 9 order by deptno, sal 10 / DEPTNO ENAME SAL CUMDEPTTOT SALBYDEPT CUMTOT TOTSAL
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
10 MILLER 1300 1300 8750 1300 29025 CLARK 2450 3750 8750 3750 29025 KING 5000 8750 8750 8750 29025 20 SMITH 800 800 10875 9550 29025 ADAMS 1100 1900 10875 10650 29025 JONES 2975 4875 10875 13625 29025 SCOTT 3000 10875 10875 19625 29025 FORD 3000 10875 10875 19625 29025 30 JAMES 950 950 9400 20575 29025 DEPTNO ENAME SAL CUMDEPTTOT SALBYDEPT CUMTOT TOTSAL
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
30 MARTIN 1250 3450 9400 23075 29025 WARD 1250 3450 9400 23075 29025 TURNER 1500 4950 9400 24575 29025 ALLEN 1600 6550 9400 26175 29025 BLAKE 2850 9400 9400 29025 29025
14 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped.</source>
sum salary over PARTITION BY
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> create table emp
2 ( empno NUMBER(4) constraint E_PK primary key 3 , ename VARCHAR2(8) 4 , init VARCHAR2(5) 5 , job VARCHAR2(8) 6 , mgr NUMBER(4) 7 , bdate DATE 8 , sal NUMBER(6,2) 9 , comm NUMBER(6,2) 10 , deptno NUMBER(2) default 10 11 ) ;
Table created. SQL> insert into emp values(1,"Tom","N", "TRAINER", 13,date "1965-12-17", 800 , NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(2,"Jack","JAM", "Tester",6,date "1961-02-20", 1600, 300, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(3,"Wil","TF" , "Tester",6,date "1962-02-22", 1250, 500, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(4,"Jane","JM", "Designer", 9,date "1967-04-02", 2975, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(5,"Mary","P", "Tester",6,date "1956-09-28", 1250, 1400, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(6,"Black","R", "Designer", 9,date "1963-11-01", 2850, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(7,"Chris","AB", "Designer", 9,date "1965-06-09", 2450, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(8,"Smart","SCJ", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-11-26", 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(9,"Peter","CC", "Designer",NULL,date "1952-11-17", 5000, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(10,"Take","JJ", "Tester",6,date "1968-09-28", 1500, 0, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(11,"Ana","AA", "TRAINER", 8,date "1966-12-30", 1100, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(12,"Jane","R", "Manager", 6,date "1969-12-03", 800 , NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(13,"Fake","MG", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-02-13", 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(14,"Mike","TJA","Manager", 7,date "1962-01-23", 1300, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> break on mgr SQL> SQL> select mgr, ename, sal
2 , sum(sal) over 3 ( PARTITION BY mgr 4 order by mgr, sal, empno 5 range unbounded preceding 6 ) as cumulative 7 from emp 8 order by mgr, sal; MGR ENAME SAL CUMULATIVE
-------- ---------- ----------
4 Smart 3000 3000 Fake 3000 6000 6 Jane 800 800 Wil 1250 2050 Mary 1250 3300 Take 1500 4800 Jack 1600 6400 7 Mike 1300 1300 8 Ana 1100 1100 9 Chris 2450 2450 Black 2850 5300 Jane 2975 8275 13 Tom 800 800 Peter 5000 5000
14 rows selected. SQL> SQL> --clear breaks SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped.</source>
Use partitioning in the OVER clause of the aggregate-analytical function
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL, 3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 5 Start_Date DATE, 6 End_Date DATE, 7 Salary Number(8,2), 8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE) 10 ) 11 /
Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer 02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester 03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester 04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager 05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester 06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester 07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager 08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT id, first_name, salary, description,
2 ROUND(AVG(salary) OVER(PARTITION BY description)) 3 "Avg. Salary" 4 FROM employee 5 ORDER BY description, first_name 6 /
ID FIRST_NAME SALARY DESCRIPTION Avg. Salary
---------- ---------- --------------- -----------
04 Celia 2344.78 Manager 5121 07 David 7897.78 Manager 5121 01 Jason 1234.56 Programmer 1235 02 Alison 6661.78 Tester 4219 03 James 6544.78 Tester 4219 08 James 1232.78 Tester 4219 06 Linda 4322.78 Tester 4219 05 Robert 2334.78 Tester 4219 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped. SQL></source>
Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE SAT (
2 StudentID INT NOT NULL, 3 ExamID INT NOT NULL, 4 Mark INT, 5 IfPassed SMALLINT, 6 Comments VARCHAR(255), 7 CONSTRAINT PK_SAT PRIMARY KEY (StudentID, ExamID));
Table created. SQL> SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed) VALUES (2,6,63,1); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT StudentID, Mark, AVG(Mark) OVER
2 () Average_Mark 3 FROM SAT 4 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark; STUDENTID MARK AVERAGE_MARK
---------- ------------
1 55 54.8 1 73 54.8 2 39 54.8 2 44 54.8 2 63 54.8
5 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table SAT; Table dropped.</source>
Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER (ORDER BY StudentID, Mark)
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE SAT (
2 StudentID INT NOT NULL, 3 ExamID INT NOT NULL, 4 Mark INT, 5 IfPassed SMALLINT, 6 Comments VARCHAR(255), 7 CONSTRAINT PK_SAT PRIMARY KEY (StudentID, ExamID));
Table created. SQL> SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed) VALUES (2,6,63,1); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT StudentID, Mark, AVG(Mark) OVER
2 (ORDER BY StudentID, Mark) Running_Average 3 FROM SAT 4 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark; STUDENTID MARK RUNNING_AVERAGE
---------- ---------------
1 55 55 1 73 64 2 39 55.6666667 2 44 52.75 2 63 54.8
5 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table SAT; Table dropped.</source>
Using Analytic Functions AVG(Mark) OVER (PARTITION BY StudentID ORDER BY StudentID, Mark)
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE SAT (
2 StudentID INT NOT NULL, 3 ExamID INT NOT NULL, 4 Mark INT, 5 IfPassed SMALLINT, 6 Comments VARCHAR(255), 7 CONSTRAINT PK_SAT PRIMARY KEY (StudentID, ExamID));
Table created. SQL> SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed) VALUES (2,6,63,1); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT StudentID, Mark, AVG(Mark) OVER
2 (PARTITION BY StudentID 3 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark) Running_Avg_by_Student 4 FROM SAT 5 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark; STUDENTID MARK RUNNING_AVG_BY_STUDENT
---------- ----------------------
1 55 55 1 73 64 2 39 39 2 44 41.5 2 63 48.6666667
5 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table SAT; Table dropped.</source>
Using Analytic Functions: AVG(Mark) OVER(PARTITION BY StudentID ORDER BY StudentID, Mark RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE SAT (
2 StudentID INT NOT NULL, 3 ExamID INT NOT NULL, 4 Mark INT, 5 IfPassed SMALLINT, 6 Comments VARCHAR(255), 7 CONSTRAINT PK_SAT PRIMARY KEY (StudentID, ExamID));
Table created. SQL> SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO SAT (StudentID,ExamID,Mark,IfPassed) VALUES (2,6,63,1); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT StudentID, Mark, AVG(Mark) OVER
2 (PARTITION BY StudentID 3 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark 4 RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND 5 CURRENT ROW 6 ) Running_Avg_by_Student 7 FROM SAT 8 ORDER BY StudentID, Mark; STUDENTID MARK RUNNING_AVG_BY_STUDENT
---------- ----------------------
1 55 55 1 73 64 2 39 39 2 44 41.5 2 63 48.6666667
5 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table SAT; Table dropped.</source>