Oracle PL/SQL/Analytical Functions/Cube

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Count employees, group by CUBE(department no, job title)

 
SQL> create table emp
  2  ( empno      NUMBER(4)    constraint E_PK primary key
  3  , ename      VARCHAR2(8)
  4  , init       VARCHAR2(5)
  5  , job        VARCHAR2(8)
  6  , mgr        NUMBER(4)
  7  , bdate      DATE
  8  , sal        NUMBER(6,2)
  9  , comm       NUMBER(6,2)
 10  , deptno     NUMBER(2)    default 10
 11  ) ;
Table created.
SQL> insert into emp values(1,"Tom","N",   "TRAINER", 13,date "1965-12-17",  800 , NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(2,"Jack","JAM", "Tester",6,date "1961-02-20",  1600, 300,   30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(3,"Wil","TF" ,  "Tester",6,date "1962-02-22",  1250, 500,   30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(4,"Jane","JM",  "Designer", 9,date "1967-04-02",  2975, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(5,"Mary","P",  "Tester",6,date "1956-09-28",  1250, 1400,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(6,"Black","R",   "Designer", 9,date "1963-11-01",  2850, NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(7,"Chris","AB",  "Designer", 9,date "1965-06-09",  2450, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(8,"Smart","SCJ", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-11-26",  3000, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(9,"Peter","CC",   "Designer",NULL,date "1952-11-17",  5000, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(10,"Take","JJ", "Tester",6,date "1968-09-28",  1500, 0,     30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(11,"Ana","AA",  "TRAINER", 8,date "1966-12-30",  1100, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(12,"Jane","R",   "Manager",   6,date "1969-12-03",  800 , NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(13,"Fake","MG",   "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-02-13",  3000, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(14,"Mike","TJA","Manager",   7,date "1962-01-23",  1300, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select   deptno, job
  2  ,        count(empno) headcount
  3  from     emp
  4  group by CUBE(deptno, job);
    DEPTNO JOB       HEADCOUNT
---------- -------- ----------
                            14
           Tester            4
           Manager           2
           TRAINER           4
           Designer          4
        10                   3
        10 Manager           1
        10 Designer          2
        20                   5
        20 TRAINER           4
        20 Designer          1
        30                   6
        30 Tester            4
        30 Manager           1
        30 Designer          1
15 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.



CUBE clause: return rows containing a subtotal for all combinations of columns included in the CUBE clause along with a total

 

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DATE  END_DATE        SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     1996-JUL-25 2006-JUL-25    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    1976-MAR-21 1986-FEB-21    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      1978-DEC-12 1990-MAR-15    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       1982-OCT-24 1999-APR-21    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      1984-JAN-15 1998-AUG-08    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      1987-JUL-30 1996-JAN-04    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      1990-DEC-31 1998-FEB-12    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        1996-SEP-17 2002-APR-15    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> --CUBE clause: return rows containing a subtotal for all combinations of columns included in the CUBE clause along with a total.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT city, description, SUM(salary)
  2  FROM employee
  3  GROUP BY CUBE(city, description);
CITY       DESCRIPTION     SUM(SALARY)
---------- --------------- -----------
                              32574.02
           Tester              21096.9
           Manager            10242.56
           Programmer          1234.56
Toronto                        1234.56
Toronto    Programmer          1234.56
New York                      12220.56
New York   Tester              4322.78
New York   Manager             7897.78
Vancouver                      19118.9
Vancouver  Tester             16774.12
Vancouver  Manager             2344.78
12 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Cube implies reducing tables by rolling up different columns (dimensions)

 

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- 
SQL>
SQL> -- The warehousing cube concept implies reducing tables by rolling up different columns (dimensions).
SQL>
SQL> SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY city, description) rn,
  2    count(*), city, description
  3  FROM employee
  4  GROUP BY CUBE(city, description);
        RN   COUNT(*) CITY       DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
         1          1 New York   Manager
         2          1 New York   Tester
         3          2 New York
         4          1 Toronto    Programmer
         5          1 Toronto
         6          1 Vancouver  Manager
         7          4 Vancouver  Tester
         8          5 Vancouver
         9          2            Manager
        10          1            Programmer
        11          5            Tester
        12          8
12 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>



Demonstrate Partial CUBE operation

  
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table ord(
  2           order_no               integer          primary key
  3          ,cust_no                integer
  4          ,order_date             date not null
  5          ,total_order_price      number(7,2)
  6          ,deliver_date           date
  7          ,deliver_time           varchar2(7)
  8          ,payment_method         varchar2(2)
  9          ,emp_no                 number(3,0)
 10          ,deliver_name           varchar2(35)
 11          ,gift_message           varchar2(100)
 12  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into ord(order_no,cust_no,order_date,total_order_price,deliver_date,deliver_time,payment_method,emp_no,deliver_name,gift_message)
  2           values(1,1,"14-Feb-2002", 23.00, "14-Feb-2002", "12 noon", "CA",1, null, "Gift for wife");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time ,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(2,1,"14-Feb-2003", 510.98, "14-feb-2003", "5 pm", "NY",7, "Rose Ted", "Happy Valentines Day to Mother");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(3, 2,"14-Feb-2004", 315.99, "14-feb-2004", "3 pm", "VS",2, "Ani Forest", "Happy Valentines Day to Father");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(4, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 191.95, "14-feb-1999", "2 pm", "NJ",2, "O. John", "Happy Valentines Day");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message    )
  2           values(5, 6,"4-mar-2002", 101.95, "5-mar-2002", "2:30 pm", "MO"   , 2, "Cora", "Happy Birthday from John");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(6, 9,"7-apr-2003", 221.95, "7-apr-2003", "3 pm", "MA", 2, "Sake Keith", "Happy Birthday from Joe" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(7, 9,"20-jun-2004", 315.95, "21-jun-2004", "12 noon", "BC", 2, "Jessica Li", "Happy Birthday from Jessica");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values (8, 12, "31-dec-1999", 135.95, "1-jan-2000", "12 noon", "DI",      3, "Larry", "Happy New Year from Lawrence");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values (9, 12, "26-dec-2003", 715.95, "2-jan-2004", "12 noon", "SK",7, "Did", "Happy Birthday from Nancy" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(10, 4, sysdate-1, 119.95, sysdate+2, "6:30 pm", "VG",2, "P. Jing", "Happy Valentines Day to Jason");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(11, 2, sysdate, 310.00, sysdate+2, "3:30 pm", "DC",2, "C. Late", "Happy Birthday Day to Jack");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message)
  2           values(12, 7, sysdate-3, 121.95, sysdate-2, "1:30 pm", "AC",2, "W. Last", "Happy Birthday Day to You");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message)
  2           values(13, 7, sysdate, 211.95, sysdate-4, "4:30 pm", "CA",2, "J. Bond", "Thanks for hard working");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from ord;
  ORDER_NO    CUST_NO ORDER_DATE           TOTAL_ORDER_PRICE
---------- ---------- -------------------- -----------------
DELIVER_DATE         DELIVER PA     EMP_NO
-------------------- ------- -- ----------
DELIVER_NAME
-----------------------------------
GIFT_MESSAGE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1          1 14-FEB-2002 00:00:00                23
14-FEB-2002 00:00:00 12 noon CA          1
Gift for wife
         2          1 14-FEB-2003 00:00:00            510.98
14-FEB-2003 00:00:00 5 pm    NY          7
Rose Ted
Happy Valentines Day to Mother
         3          2 14-FEB-2004 00:00:00            315.99
14-FEB-2004 00:00:00 3 pm    VS          2
Ani Forest
Happy Valentines Day to Father
         4          2 14-FEB-1999 00:00:00            191.95
14-FEB-1999 00:00:00 2 pm    NJ          2
O. John
Happy Valentines Day
         5          6 04-MAR-2002 00:00:00            101.95
05-MAR-2002 00:00:00 2:30 pm MO          2
Cora
Happy Birthday from John
         6          9 07-APR-2003 00:00:00            221.95
07-APR-2003 00:00:00 3 pm    MA          2
Sake Keith
Happy Birthday from Joe
         7          9 20-JUN-2004 00:00:00            315.95
21-JUN-2004 00:00:00 12 noon BC          2
Jessica Li
Happy Birthday from Jessica
         8         12 31-DEC-1999 00:00:00            135.95
01-JAN-2000 00:00:00 12 noon DI          3
Larry
Happy New Year from Lawrence
         9         12 26-DEC-2003 00:00:00            715.95
02-JAN-2004 00:00:00 12 noon SK          7
Did
Happy Birthday from Nancy
        10          4 15-JUN-2008 17:34:55            119.95
18-JUN-2008 17:34:55 6:30 pm VG          2
P. Jing
Happy Valentines Day to Jason
        11          2 16-JUN-2008 17:34:55               310
18-JUN-2008 17:34:55 3:30 pm DC          2
C. Late
Happy Birthday Day to Jack
        12          7 13-JUN-2008 17:34:56            121.95
14-JUN-2008 17:34:56 1:30 pm AC          2
W. Last
Happy Birthday Day to You
        13          7 16-JUN-2008 17:34:57            211.95
12-JUN-2008 17:34:57 4:30 pm CA          2
J. Bond
Thanks for hard working

13 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT cust_no, payment_method,
  2         to_char(
  3         sum(total_order_price),
  4         "999.99") AS sales
  5  FROM ord
  6  WHERE cust_no IN (2,12)
  7  GROUP BY cust_no, CUBE (payment_method)
  8  ORDER BY cust_no
  9  /
   CUST_NO PA SALES
---------- -- -------
         2 DC  310.00
         2 NJ  191.95
         2 VS  315.99
         2     817.94
        12 DI  135.95
        12 SK  715.95
        12     851.90
7 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table ord;
Table dropped.
SQL> --



group by cube

 

SQL> create table student (
  2  student_id  number primary key,
  3  student_name  varchar2(25),
  4  student_year  varchar2(15),
  5  student_major  varchar2(25) );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> create table class (
  2  class_id    number primary key,
  3  class_desc  varchar2(35),
  4  credit_hrs  number(2) );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> create table grades (
  2  student_id  number,
  3  class_id    number,
  4  assignment_desc varchar2(200),
  5  grade_received  number(3) );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into student values (1,"Tom","First","Art");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (2,"Jack","First","Med");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (3,"Peter","First","History");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (4,"Jason","First","Science");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (5,"Joe","Second","Education");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (6,"Cat","Second","Finance");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (7,"Sill","Second","Art");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (8,"Bill","Second","Med");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into student values (9,"Mary","Third","History");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into class values (1,"Public Speaking 101",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (2,"English 101",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (3,"English 201",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (4,"English 301",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (5,"English 401",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (6,"Marketing 101",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (7,"Child Development 101",3);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (8,"Golf for Novices",2);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into class values (9,"Biology 101",4);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into grades values (1,1,"Exam 1",94);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (7,1,"Exam 1",88);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (4,1,"Exam 1",85);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (1,1,"Exam 2",87);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (7,1,"Exam 2",89);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (4,1,"Exam 2",91);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (1,1,"Paper 1",90);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into grades values (7,1,"Paper 1",82);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>  select c.class_desc as class, s.student_name as student, avg(g.grade_received) as grade_avg,
  2          grouping(c.class_desc) as class_ind, grouping(s.student_name) as stud_ind
  3     from class c, student s, grades g
  4    where c.class_id = g.class_id
  5      and s.student_id = g.student_id
  6    group by cube (c.class_desc, s.student_name) ;
CLASS                     STUDENT                        GRADE_AVG  CLASS_IND   STUD_IND
------------------------- ------------------------------ --------- ---------- ----------
                                                             88.25          1          1
                          Tom                                90.33          1          0
                          Sill                               86.33          1          0
                          Jason                              88.00          1          0
Public Speaking 101                                          88.25          0          1
Public Speaking 101       Tom                                90.33          0          0
Public Speaking 101       Sill                               86.33          0          0
Public Speaking 101       Jason                              88.00          0          0
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table class;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table student;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table grades;
Table dropped.



group by CUBE(department no, job title)

 
SQL> create table emp
  2  ( empno      NUMBER(4)    constraint E_PK primary key
  3  , ename      VARCHAR2(8)
  4  , init       VARCHAR2(5)
  5  , job        VARCHAR2(8)
  6  , mgr        NUMBER(4)
  7  , bdate      DATE
  8  , sal        NUMBER(6,2)
  9  , comm       NUMBER(6,2)
 10  , deptno     NUMBER(2)    default 10
 11  ) ;
Table created.
SQL> insert into emp values(1,"Tom","N",   "TRAINER", 13,date "1965-12-17",  800 , NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(2,"Jack","JAM", "Tester",6,date "1961-02-20",  1600, 300,   30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(3,"Wil","TF" ,  "Tester",6,date "1962-02-22",  1250, 500,   30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(4,"Jane","JM",  "Designer", 9,date "1967-04-02",  2975, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(5,"Mary","P",  "Tester",6,date "1956-09-28",  1250, 1400,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(6,"Black","R",   "Designer", 9,date "1963-11-01",  2850, NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(7,"Chris","AB",  "Designer", 9,date "1965-06-09",  2450, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(8,"Smart","SCJ", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-11-26",  3000, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(9,"Peter","CC",   "Designer",NULL,date "1952-11-17",  5000, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(10,"Take","JJ", "Tester",6,date "1968-09-28",  1500, 0,     30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(11,"Ana","AA",  "TRAINER", 8,date "1966-12-30",  1100, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(12,"Jane","R",   "Manager",   6,date "1969-12-03",  800 , NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(13,"Fake","MG",   "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-02-13",  3000, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(14,"Mike","TJA","Manager",   7,date "1962-01-23",  1300, NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select   deptno, job
  2  ,        grouping_id(deptno, job) gid
  3  from     emp
  4  group by CUBE(deptno, job);
    DEPTNO JOB             GID
---------- -------- ----------
                             3
           Tester            2
           Manager           2
           TRAINER           2
           Designer          2
        10                   1
        10 Manager           0
        10 Designer          0
        20                   1
        20 TRAINER           0
        20 Designer          0
        30                   1
        30 Tester            0
        30 Manager           0
        30 Designer          0
15 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL>



Grouping with Cube

 

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- Grouping with Rollup and Cube
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY city, description) rn,
  2    count(*), city, description,
  3    GROUPING(city),
  4    GROUPING (description)
  5  FROM employee
  6  GROUP BY CUBE(city, description);
        RN   COUNT(*) CITY       DESCRIPTION     GROUPING(CITY) GROUPING(DESCRIPTION)
---------- ---------- ---------- --------------- -------------- ---------------------
         1          1 New York   Manager                      0                     0
         2          1 New York   Tester                       0                     0
         3          2 New York                                0                     1
         4          1 Toronto    Programmer                   0                     0
         5          1 Toronto                                 0                     1
         6          1 Vancouver  Manager                      0                     0
         7          4 Vancouver  Tester                       0                     0
         8          5 Vancouver                               0                     1
         9          2            Manager                      1                     0
        10          1            Programmer                   1                     0
        11          5            Tester                       1                     0
        12          8                                         1                     1
12 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



The sequence of the columns passed into Cube function

 
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DATE  END_DATE        SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     1996-JUL-25 2006-JUL-25    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    1976-MAR-21 1986-FEB-21    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      1978-DEC-12 1990-MAR-15    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       1982-OCT-24 1999-APR-21    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      1984-JAN-15 1998-AUG-08    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      1987-JUL-30 1996-JAN-04    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      1990-DEC-31 1998-FEB-12    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        1996-SEP-17 2002-APR-15    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT description, city, SUM(salary)
  2  FROM employee
  3  GROUP BY CUBE(description, city);
DESCRIPTION     CITY       SUM(SALARY)
--------------- ---------- -----------
                              32574.02
                Toronto        1234.56
                New York      12220.56
                Vancouver      19118.9
Tester                         21096.9
Tester          New York       4322.78
Tester          Vancouver     16774.12
Manager                       10242.56
Manager         New York       7897.78
Manager         Vancouver      2344.78
Programmer                     1234.56
Programmer      Toronto        1234.56
12 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT city, description, SUM(salary)
  2  FROM employee
  3  GROUP BY CUBE(city, description);
CITY       DESCRIPTION     SUM(SALARY)
---------- --------------- -----------
                              32574.02
           Tester              21096.9
           Manager            10242.56
           Programmer          1234.56
Toronto                        1234.56
Toronto    Programmer          1234.56
New York                      12220.56
New York   Tester              4322.78
New York   Manager             7897.78
Vancouver                      19118.9
Vancouver  Tester             16774.12
Vancouver  Manager             2344.78
12 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Use CUBE and RANK() to get all rankings of sales by product type ID and employee ID

 

SQL> CREATE TABLE all_sales (
  2    year INTEGER,
  3    month INTEGER,
  4    prd_type_id INTEGER,
  5    emp_id INTEGER ,
  6    amount NUMBER(8, 2)
  7  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,1    ,1          ,21    ,16034.84);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,2    ,1          ,21    ,15644.65);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,3    ,2          ,21    ,20167.83);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,4    ,2          ,21    ,25056.45);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,5    ,2          ,21    ,NULL);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,6    ,1          ,21    ,15564.66);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,7    ,1          ,21    ,15644.65);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,8    ,1          ,21    ,16434.82);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,9    ,1          ,21    ,19654.57);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,10   ,1          ,21    ,21764.19);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,11   ,1          ,21    ,13026.73);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2006,12   ,2          ,21    ,10034.64);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,1    ,2          ,22    ,16634.84);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,1    ,2          ,21    ,26034.84);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,2    ,1          ,21    ,12644.65);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,3    ,1          ,21    ,NULL);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,4    ,1          ,21    ,25026.45);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,5    ,1          ,21    ,17212.66);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,6    ,1          ,21    ,15564.26);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,7    ,2          ,21    ,62654.82);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,8    ,2          ,21    ,26434.82);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,9    ,2          ,21    ,15644.65);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,10   ,2          ,21    ,21264.19);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,11   ,1          ,21    ,13026.73);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into all_sales (YEAR,MONTH,PRD_TYPE_ID,EMP_ID,AMOUNT)
  2                  values(2005,12   ,1          ,21    ,10032.64);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from all_sales;
      YEAR      MONTH PRD_TYPE_ID     EMP_ID     AMOUNT
---------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ----------
      2006          1           1         21   16034.84
      2006          2           1         21   15644.65
      2006          3           2         21   20167.83
      2006          4           2         21   25056.45
      2006          5           2         21
      2006          6           1         21   15564.66
      2006          7           1         21   15644.65
      2006          8           1         21   16434.82
      2006          9           1         21   19654.57
      2006         10           1         21   21764.19
      2006         11           1         21   13026.73
      2006         12           2         21   10034.64
      2005          1           2         22   16634.84
      2005          1           2         21   26034.84
      2005          2           1         21   12644.65
      2005          3           1         21
      2005          4           1         21   25026.45
      2005          5           1         21   17212.66
      2005          6           1         21   15564.26
      2005          7           2         21   62654.82
      2005          8           2         21   26434.82
      2005          9           2         21   15644.65
      2005         10           2         21   21264.19
      2005         11           1         21   13026.73
      2005         12           1         21   10032.64
25 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> --Use CUBE and RANK() to get all rankings of sales by product type ID and employee ID
SQL>
SQL> SELECT
  2   prd_type_id, emp_id, SUM(amount),
  3   RANK() OVER (ORDER BY SUM(amount) DESC) AS rank
  4  FROM all_sales
  5  GROUP BY CUBE(prd_type_id, emp_id)
  6  ORDER BY prd_type_id, emp_id;
PRD_TYPE_ID     EMP_ID SUM(AMOUNT)       RANK
----------- ---------- ----------- ----------
          1         21    227276.5          3
          1               227276.5          3
          2         21   207292.24          6
          2         22    16634.84          7
          2              223927.08          5
                    21   434568.74          2
                    22    16634.84          7
                         451203.58          1
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table all_sales;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



use GROUPING SETS to produce just a subset of CUBE

  
SQL>
SQL> create table ord(
  2           order_no               integer          primary key
  3          ,cust_no                integer
  4          ,order_date             date not null
  5          ,total_order_price      number(7,2)
  6          ,deliver_date           date
  7          ,deliver_time           varchar2(7)
  8          ,payment_method         varchar2(2)
  9          ,emp_no                 number(3,0)
 10          ,deliver_name           varchar2(35)
 11          ,gift_message           varchar2(100)
 12  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into ord(order_no,cust_no,order_date,total_order_price,deliver_date,deliver_time,payment_method,emp_no,deliver_name,gift_message)
  2           values(1,1,"14-Feb-2002", 23.00, "14-Feb-2002", "12 noon", "CA",1, null, "Gift for wife");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time ,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(2,1,"14-Feb-2003", 510.98, "14-feb-2003", "5 pm", "NY",7, "Rose Ted", "Happy Valentines Day to Mother");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(3, 2,"14-Feb-2004", 315.99, "14-feb-2004", "3 pm", "VS",2, "Ani Forest", "Happy Valentines Day to Father");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(4, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 191.95, "14-feb-1999", "2 pm", "NJ",2, "O. John", "Happy Valentines Day");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message    )
  2           values(5, 6,"4-mar-2002", 101.95, "5-mar-2002", "2:30 pm", "MO"   , 2, "Cora", "Happy Birthday from John");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(6, 9,"7-apr-2003", 221.95, "7-apr-2003", "3 pm", "MA", 2, "Sake Keith", "Happy Birthday from Joe" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(7, 9,"20-jun-2004", 315.95, "21-jun-2004", "12 noon", "BC", 2, "Jessica Li", "Happy Birthday from Jessica");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values (8, 12, "31-dec-1999", 135.95, "1-jan-2000", "12 noon", "DI",      3, "Larry", "Happy New Year from Lawrence");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values (9, 12, "26-dec-2003", 715.95, "2-jan-2004", "12 noon", "SK",7, "Did", "Happy Birthday from Nancy" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(10, 4, sysdate-1, 119.95, sysdate+2, "6:30 pm", "VG",2, "P. Jing", "Happy Valentines Day to Jason");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message )
  2           values(11, 2, sysdate, 310.00, sysdate+2, "3:30 pm", "DC",2, "C. Late", "Happy Birthday Day to Jack");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message)
  2           values(12, 7, sysdate-3, 121.95, sysdate-2, "1:30 pm", "AC",2, "W. Last", "Happy Birthday Day to You");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into ord(order_no  ,cust_no ,order_date ,total_order_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment_method ,emp_no,deliver_name ,gift_message)
  2           values(13, 7, sysdate, 211.95, sysdate-4, "4:30 pm", "CA",2, "J. Bond", "Thanks for hard working");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from ord;
  ORDER_NO    CUST_NO ORDER_DATE           TOTAL_ORDER_PRICE
---------- ---------- -------------------- -----------------
DELIVER_DATE         DELIVER PA     EMP_NO
-------------------- ------- -- ----------
DELIVER_NAME
-----------------------------------
GIFT_MESSAGE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1          1 14-FEB-2002 00:00:00                23
14-FEB-2002 00:00:00 12 noon CA          1
Gift for wife
         2          1 14-FEB-2003 00:00:00            510.98
14-FEB-2003 00:00:00 5 pm    NY          7
Rose Ted
Happy Valentines Day to Mother
         3          2 14-FEB-2004 00:00:00            315.99
14-FEB-2004 00:00:00 3 pm    VS          2
Ani Forest
Happy Valentines Day to Father
         4          2 14-FEB-1999 00:00:00            191.95
14-FEB-1999 00:00:00 2 pm    NJ          2
O. John
Happy Valentines Day
         5          6 04-MAR-2002 00:00:00            101.95
05-MAR-2002 00:00:00 2:30 pm MO          2
Cora
Happy Birthday from John
         6          9 07-APR-2003 00:00:00            221.95
07-APR-2003 00:00:00 3 pm    MA          2
Sake Keith
Happy Birthday from Joe
         7          9 20-JUN-2004 00:00:00            315.95
21-JUN-2004 00:00:00 12 noon BC          2
Jessica Li
Happy Birthday from Jessica
         8         12 31-DEC-1999 00:00:00            135.95
01-JAN-2000 00:00:00 12 noon DI          3
Larry
Happy New Year from Lawrence
         9         12 26-DEC-2003 00:00:00            715.95
02-JAN-2004 00:00:00 12 noon SK          7
Did
Happy Birthday from Nancy
        10          4 15-JUN-2008 17:38:59            119.95
18-JUN-2008 17:38:59 6:30 pm VG          2
P. Jing
Happy Valentines Day to Jason
        11          2 16-JUN-2008 17:39:00               310
18-JUN-2008 17:39:00 3:30 pm DC          2
C. Late
Happy Birthday Day to Jack
        12          7 13-JUN-2008 17:39:02            121.95
14-JUN-2008 17:39:02 1:30 pm AC          2
W. Last
Happy Birthday Day to You
        13          7 16-JUN-2008 17:39:03            211.95
12-JUN-2008 17:39:03 4:30 pm CA          2
J. Bond
Thanks for hard working

13 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT cust_no, payment_method,
  2         to_char(
  3         sum(total_order_price),
  4         "999.99") AS sales
  5  FROM ord
  6  WHERE cust_no IN (2,12)
  7  GROUP BY GROUPING SETS (
  8           (cust_no, payment_method),
  9           (payment_method)
 10           )
 11  ORDER BY cust_no
 12  /
   CUST_NO PA SALES
---------- -- -------
         2 DC  310.00
         2 NJ  191.95
         2 VS  315.99
        12 SK  715.95
        12 DI  135.95
           DI  135.95
           VS  315.99
           NJ  191.95
           SK  715.95
           DC  310.00
10 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table ord;
Table dropped.
SQL> --