MySQL Tutorial/View/Create View
Содержание
- 1 Adding ORDER BY to the Joined Table View
- 2 A few things aren"t allowed in a query that defines a view
- 3 Creating a view by joining two tables
- 4 Creating a View with Joined Tables
- 5 Creating a View with Specified Column Names
- 6 Creating a View with UNION
- 7 Creating Views
- 8 Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View
- 9 Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View with ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE
- 10 Using HAVING with GROUP BY to Create a View
Adding ORDER BY to the Joined Table View
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE VIEW myView
-> (id, first_name, title) AS -> SELECT o.id, o.first_name, c.title -> FROM job c, employee o -> WHERE o.id = c.id;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView order by first_name; +------+------------+------------+ | id | first_name | title | +------+------------+------------+ | 2 | Alison | Accountant | | 4 | Celia | Coder | | 7 | David | Proffessor | | 8 | James | Programmer | | 3 | James | Developer | | 1 | Jason | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Mediator | | 5 | Robert | Director | +------+------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>
A few things aren"t allowed in a query that defines a view
A view definition cannot contain a subquery in the FROM clause of the SQL statement.
User, system, or local variables are not allowed in the SQL SELECT statement.
Views can"t point at temporary tables.
Triggers cannot be associated with a view.
Views created within stored procedures can"t reference parameters in the stored procedure.
Quote from Pro MySQL
by Michael Kruckenberg (Author), Jay Pipes (Author)
# Paperback: 768 pages
# Publisher: Apress (July 25, 2005)
# Language: English
# ISBN-10: 159059505X
# ISBN-13: 978-1590595053
9. 1. Create View 9. 1. 1. A few things aren"t allowed in a query that defines a view 9. 1. 2. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/CreatingViews.htm">Creating Views</a> 9. 1. 3. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/CreatingaViewwithSpecifiedColumnNames.htm">Creating a View with Specified Column Names</a> 9. 1. 4. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/CreatingaViewwithJoinedTables.htm">Creating a View with Joined Tables</a> 9. 1. 5. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/AddingORDERBYtotheJoinedTableView.htm">Adding ORDER BY to the Joined Table View</a> 9. 1. 6. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/UsingaGROUPBYClausetoCreateaView.htm">Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View</a> 9. 1. 7. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/UsingaGROUPBYClausetoCreateaViewwithALGORITHMTEMPTABLE.htm">Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View with ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE</a> 9. 1. 8. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/UsingHAVINGwithGROUPBYtoCreateaView.htm">Using HAVING with GROUP BY to Create a View</a> 9. 1. 9. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/CreatingaViewwithUNION.htm">Creating a View with UNION</a> 9. 1. 10. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0180__View/Creatingaviewbyjoiningtwotables.htm">Creating a view by joining two tables</a>
Creating a view by joining two tables
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE VIEW myView AS
-> SELECT employee.first_name,job.title -> FROM employee join job using (id) ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView; +------------+------------+ | first_name | title | +------------+------------+ | Jason | Tester | | Alison | Accountant | | James | Developer | | Celia | Coder | | Robert | Director | | Linda | Mediator | | David | Proffessor | | James | Programmer | +------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>
Creating a View with Joined Tables
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE VIEW myView
-> (id, first_name, title) AS -> SELECT o.id, o.first_name, c.title -> FROM job c, employee o -> WHERE o.id = c.id;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView; +------+------------+------------+ | id | first_name | title | +------+------------+------------+ | 1 | Jason | Tester | | 2 | Alison | Accountant | | 3 | James | Developer | | 4 | Celia | Coder | | 5 | Robert | Director | | 6 | Linda | Mediator | | 7 | David | Proffessor | | 8 | James | Programmer | +------+------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
Creating a View with Specified Column Names
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE VIEW myView (vid, vfirstname) AS
-> SELECT id, first_name FROM employee WHERE id = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> SELECT * FROM myView; +------+------------+ | vid | vfirstname | +------+------------+ | 1 | Jason | +------+------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</source>
Creating a View with UNION
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE VIEW myView AS
-> SELECT * FROM employee where id = 1 -> UNION SELECT * FROM employee where id = 2 -> UNION SELECT * FROM employee where id = 3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> select * from myView; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
Creating Views
Creating a view requires a view name and a SQL statement:
Once the view is created, you can query it in the same way as any other table.
The CREATE statement:
<source lang="sql">
CREATE [OR REPLACE] [<algorithm attributes>] VIEW [database.]< name> [(<columns>)] AS <SELECT statement> [<check options>]</source>
Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE VIEW myView
-> (id, first_name, title) AS -> SELECT o.id, o.first_name, c.title -> FROM job c, employee o -> WHERE o.id = c.id;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView group by title; +------+------------+------------+ | id | first_name | title | +------+------------+------------+ | 2 | Alison | Accountant | | 4 | Celia | Coder | | 3 | James | Developer | | 5 | Robert | Director | | 6 | Linda | Mediator | | 7 | David | Proffessor | | 8 | James | Programmer | | 1 | Jason | Tester | +------+------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
Using a GROUP BY Clause to Create a View with ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE VIEW myView
-> (city, number_of_employee) AS -> SELECT city, count(id) -> FROM employee -> GROUP BY city;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView; +-----------+--------------------+ | city | number_of_employee | +-----------+--------------------+ | New York | 2 | | Toronto | 1 | | Vancouver | 5 | +-----------+--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
Using HAVING with GROUP BY to Create a View
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE ALGORITHM = TEMPTABLE VIEW myView
-> (city, number_of_employees) AS -> SELECT city, count(id) -> FROM employee -> GROUP BY city -> HAVING count(id) > 1 -> ORDER BY city;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from myView; +-----------+---------------------+ | city | number_of_employees | +-----------+---------------------+ | New York | 2 | | Vancouver | 5 | +-----------+---------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop view myView; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
