MySQL Tutorial/Table/Index

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ALTER TABLE Employee ADD (KEY) myIndex (id);

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE Employee ADD KEY myIndex (id); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</source>


ALTER TABLE Employee DROP INDEX lastn_idx;

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX myIndex ON Employee (id); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.06 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM Employee; +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Employee | 0 | myIndex | 1 | id | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE Employee DROP INDEX myIndex; Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.05 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM Employee; Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


ALTER TABLE table_name ADD (KEY|INDEX) index_name (column_name[,...]);

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE Employee ADD INDEX myIndex (id); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


Alter table to add an index on two columns

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE Employee ADD INDEX myIndex (id, first_name); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.20 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> SHOW indexes FROM Employee; +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Employee | 1 | myIndex | 1 | id | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | Employee | 1 | myIndex | 2 | first_name | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name[,...]);

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE INDEX myIndex ON Employee (id); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.03 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [index_name] ON table_name (column_name[,...]);

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX myIndex ON Employee (id); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.03 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


Creating an Index

MySQL creates an index for you if you declare a column as a primary key.

The syntax for creating a column looks like the following:



   <source lang="sql">

CREATE INDEX indexname ON tablename(columnnamelist);</source>


Creating an Index with the ALTER TABLE Statement

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE myTable

   -> (
   ->    ID SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
   ->    Name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> alter table myTable add index(name); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> drop table myTable; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</source>


Deleting Indexes

   <source lang="sql">

DROP INDEX indexname ON tablename;</source>


SHOW INDEX FROM Employee;

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE Employee ADD INDEX myIndex (id, first_name); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> SHOW indexes FROM Employee; +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Employee | 1 | myIndex | 1 | id | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | Employee | 1 | myIndex | 2 | first_name | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | +----------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>


Using Indexes

An index is a structured file that facilitates data access.

Indexes speed up data access for SELECT queries, but they slow it down for INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE queries.

Indexes also work better on columns that contain unique data.

One index can be made up of one or more columns.

You can also have more than one index in a table.

4. 19. Index 4. 19. 1. Using Indexes 4. 19. 2. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/CreatinganIndex.htm">Creating an Index</a> 4. 19. 3. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/CreatinganIndexwiththeALTERTABLEStatement.htm">Creating an Index with the ALTER TABLE Statement</a> 4. 19. 4. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/CREATEINDEXindexnameONtablenamecolumnname.htm">CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name[,...]);</a> 4. 19. 5. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/UsingtheALTERTABLEstatementtoaddanindex.htm">Using the ALTER TABLE statement to add an index</a> 4. 19. 6. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/DeletingIndexes.htm">Deleting Indexes</a> 4. 19. 7. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/ALTERTABLEtablenameADDKEYINDEXindexnamecolumnname.htm">ALTER TABLE table_name ADD (KEY|INDEX) index_name (column_name[,...]);</a> 4. 19. 8. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/ALTERTABLEEmployeeADDKEYmyIndexid.htm">ALTER TABLE Employee ADD (KEY) myIndex (id);</a> 4. 19. 9. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/Altertabletoaddanindexontwocolumns.htm">Alter table to add an index on two columns</a> 4. 19. 10. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/SHOWINDEXFROMEmployee.htm">SHOW INDEX FROM Employee;</a> 4. 19. 11. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/CREATEUNIQUEINDEXindexnameONtablenamecolumnname.htm">CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [index_name] ON table_name (column_name[,...]);</a> 4. 19. 12. <A href="/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/ALTERTABLEEmployeeDROPINDEXlastnidx.htm">ALTER TABLE Employee DROP INDEX lastn_idx;</a>

Using the ALTER TABLE statement to add an index

   <source lang="sql">

mysql> ALTER TABLE employee ADD INDEX (IDX_Last_Name); mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(

   ->     id            int,
   ->     first_name    VARCHAR(15),
   ->     last_name     VARCHAR(15),
   ->     start_date    DATE,
   ->     end_date      DATE,
   ->     salary        FLOAT(8,2),
   ->     city          VARCHAR(10),
   ->     description   VARCHAR(15)
   -> );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->              values (1,"Jason",    "Martin",  "19960725",  "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(2,"Alison",   "Mathews",  "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(3,"James",    "Smith",    "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(4,"Celia",    "Rice",     "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(5,"Robert",   "Black",    "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(6,"Linda",    "Green",    "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(7,"David",    "Larry",    "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)

   ->               values(8,"James",    "Cat",     "19960917",  "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> ALTER TABLE employee ADD PRIMARY KEY (ID); Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.02 sec) Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql></source>