MySQL Tutorial/Select Query/Alias
Содержание
Aliasing the function in select statement
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> SELECT concat(First_Name, " ",Last_Name) AS Name FROM employee; +----------------+ | Name | +----------------+ | Jason Martin | | Alison Mathews | | James Smith | | Celia Rice | | Robert Black | | Linda Green | | David Larry | | James Cat | +----------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>
Giving the result of column calculation an alias name
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Topic(
-> TopicID SMALLINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, -> Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, -> InStock SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, -> OnOrder SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, -> Reserved SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, -> Department ENUM("Classical", "Popular") NOT NULL, -> Category VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -> RowUpdate TIMESTAMP NOT NULL -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> INSERT INTO Topic (Name, InStock, OnOrder, Reserved, Department, Category) VALUES
-> ("Java", 10, 5, 3, "Popular", "Rock"), -> ("JavaScript", 10, 5, 3, "Classical", "Opera"), -> ("C Sharp", 17, 4, 1, "Popular", "Jazz"), -> ("C", 9, 4, 2, "Classical", "Dance"), -> ("C++", 24, 2, 5, "Classical", "General"), -> ("Perl", 16, 6, 8, "Classical", "Vocal"), -> ("Python", 2, 25, 6, "Popular", "Blues"), -> ("Php", 32, 3, 10, "Popular", "Jazz"), -> ("ASP.net", 12, 15, 13, "Popular", "Country"), -> ("VB.net", 5, 20, 10, "Popular", "New Age"), -> ("VC.net", 24, 11, 14, "Popular", "New Age"), -> ("UML", 42, 17, 17, "Classical", "General"), -> ("www.sqle.ru",25, 44, 28, "Classical", "Dance"), -> ("Oracle", 32, 15, 12, "Classical", "General"), -> ("Pl/SQL", 20, 10, 5, "Classical", "Opera"), -> ("Sql Server", 23, 12, 8, "Classical", "General");
Query OK, 16 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 16 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> mysql> select * from Topic; +---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+ | TopicID | Name | InStock | OnOrder | Reserved | Department | Category | RowUpdate | +---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+ | 1 | Java | 10 | 5 | 3 | Popular | Rock | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 2 | JavaScript | 10 | 5 | 3 | Classical | Opera | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 3 | C Sharp | 17 | 4 | 1 | Popular | Jazz | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 4 | C | 9 | 4 | 2 | Classical | Dance | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 5 | C++ | 24 | 2 | 5 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 6 | Perl | 16 | 6 | 8 | Classical | Vocal | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 7 | Python | 2 | 25 | 6 | Popular | Blues | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 8 | Php | 32 | 3 | 10 | Popular | Jazz | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 9 | ASP.net | 12 | 15 | 13 | Popular | Country | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 10 | VB.net | 5 | 20 | 10 | Popular | New Age | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 11 | VC.net | 24 | 11 | 14 | Popular | New Age | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 12 | UML | 42 | 17 | 17 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 13 | www.sqle.ru | 25 | 44 | 28 | Classical | Dance | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 14 | Oracle | 32 | 15 | 12 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 15 | Pl/SQL | 20 | 10 | 5 | Classical | Opera | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | | 16 | Sql Server | 23 | 12 | 8 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:48 | +---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> SELECT Name, InStock+OnOrder-Reserved AS Available
-> FROM Topic -> WHERE Name LIKE "%bach%" -> ORDER BY Name;
Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> drop table Topic; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</source>
To sort the output by alias
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> SELECT first_name, start_date, CURDATE(),
-> (YEAR(CURDATE())-YEAR(start_date)) - (RIGHT(CURDATE(),5)<RIGHT(start_date,5)) -> AS YearServed -> FROM employee ORDER BY YearServed;
+------------+------------+------------+------------+ | first_name | start_date | CURDATE() | YearServed | +------------+------------+------------+------------+ | Jason | 1996-07-25 | 2007-07-22 | 10 | | James | 1996-09-17 | 2007-07-22 | 10 | | David | 1990-12-31 | 2007-07-22 | 16 | | Linda | 1987-07-30 | 2007-07-22 | 19 | | Robert | 1984-01-15 | 2007-07-22 | 23 | | Celia | 1982-10-24 | 2007-07-22 | 24 | | James | 1978-12-12 | 2007-07-22 | 28 | | Alison | 1976-03-21 | 2007-07-22 | 31 | +------------+------------+------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql></source>
Use Aliasing in table joins
<source lang="sql">
mysql> mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int, -> first_name VARCHAR(15), -> last_name VARCHAR(15), -> start_date DATE, -> end_date DATE, -> salary FLOAT(8,2), -> city VARCHAR(10), -> description VARCHAR(15) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> create table job (
-> id int, -> title VARCHAR(20) -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from job; +------+------------+ | id | title | +------+------------+ | 1 | Tester | | 2 | Accountant | | 3 | Developer | | 4 | Coder | | 5 | Director | | 6 | Mediator | | 7 | Proffessor | | 8 | Programmer | | 9 | Developer | +------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from Employee; +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ | 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer | | 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager | | 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester | | 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester | | 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager | | 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester | +------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> mysql> SELECT O.ID from Employee AS O, job AS C
-> WHERE C.ID = O.ID;
+------+ | ID | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | +------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> mysql> drop table job; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> drop table Employee; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql></source>