SQL Server/T-SQL Tutorial/Query/GROUP BY — различия между версиями
Admin (обсуждение | вклад) м (1 версия) |
(нет различий)
|
Текущая версия на 13:23, 26 мая 2010
Содержание
- 1 A count for each grouping rather than the full table
- 2 A summary query that counts the number of Billings by Banker
- 3 A summary query with a search condition in the WHERE clause
- 4 both the EmployeeID and CustomerID columns in our GROUP BY
- 5 Extracting partial records using GROUP BY.
- 6 Group by and table join
- 7 GROUP BY with SUM()
- 8 Using GROUP BY ALL
A count for each grouping rather than the full table
<source lang="sql">
6> CREATE TABLE Employees ( 7> EmployeeID int NOT NULL , 8> LastName nvarchar (20) NOT NULL , 9> FirstName nvarchar (10) NOT NULL , 10> Title nvarchar (30) NULL , 11> TitleOfCourtesy nvarchar (25) NULL , 12> BirthDate datetime NULL , 13> HireDate datetime NULL , 14> Address nvarchar (60) NULL , 15> City nvarchar (15) NULL , 16> Region nvarchar (15) NULL , 17> PostalCode nvarchar (10) NULL , 18> Country nvarchar (15) NULL , 19> HomePhone nvarchar (24) NULL , 20> Extension nvarchar (4) NULL , 21> Photo image NULL , 22> Notes ntext NULL , 23> ReportsTo int NULL , 24> PhotoPath nvarchar (255) NULL 25> 26> ) 27> GO 1> 2> SELECT ReportsTo, COUNT(*) 3> FROM Employees 4> GROUP BY ReportsTo 5> GO ReportsTo
-----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Employees; 3> GO</source>
A summary query that counts the number of Billings by Banker
<source lang="sql">
4> 5> 6> create table Billings ( 7> BankerID INTEGER, 8> BillingNumber INTEGER, 9> BillingDate datetime, 10> BillingTotal INTEGER, 11> TermsID INTEGER, 12> BillingDueDate datetime , 13> PaymentTotal INTEGER, 14> CreditTotal INTEGER 15> 16> ); 17> GO 1> 2> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (1, 1, "2005-01-22", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (2, 2, "2001-02-21", 165, 1,"2002-02-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (3, 3, "2003-05-02", 165, 1,"2005-04-12",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (4, 4, "1999-03-12", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (5, 5, "2000-04-23", 165, 1,"2005-04-17",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (6, 6, "2001-06-14", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (7, 7, "2002-07-15", 165, 1,"2005-04-19",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (8, 8, "2003-08-16", 165, 1,"2005-04-20",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (9, 9, "2004-09-17", 165, 1,"2005-04-21",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (0, 0, "2005-10-18", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT BankerID, COUNT(*) AS BillingQty 5> FROM Billings 6> GROUP BY BankerID 7> GO BankerID BillingQty
-----------
0 1
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 1
5 1
6 1
7 1
8 1
9 1
(10 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Billings; 3> GO</source>
A summary query with a search condition in the WHERE clause
<source lang="sql">
4> 5> 6> 7> create table Billings ( 8> BankerID INTEGER, 9> BillingNumber INTEGER, 10> BillingDate datetime, 11> BillingTotal INTEGER, 12> TermsID INTEGER, 13> BillingDueDate datetime , 14> PaymentTotal INTEGER, 15> CreditTotal INTEGER 16> 17> ); 18> GO 1> 2> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (1, 1, "2005-01-22", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (2, 2, "2001-02-21", 165, 1,"2002-02-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (3, 3, "2003-05-02", 165, 1,"2005-04-12",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (4, 4, "1999-03-12", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (5, 5, "2000-04-23", 165, 1,"2005-04-17",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (6, 6, "2001-06-14", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (7, 7, "2002-07-15", 165, 1,"2005-04-19",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (8, 8, "2003-08-16", 165, 1,"2005-04-20",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (9, 9, "2004-09-17", 165, 1,"2005-04-21",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (0, 0, "2005-10-18", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> create table Bankers( 5> BankerID Integer, 6> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 7> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 12> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 13> ) 14> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT BankerName, COUNT(*) AS BillingQty, 3> AVG(BillingTotal) AS BillingAvg 4> FROM Bankers JOIN Billings 5> ON Bankers.BankerID = Billings.BankerID 6> WHERE BillingTotal > 500 7> GROUP BY BankerName 8> ORDER BY BillingQty DESC 9> GO BankerName BillingQty BillingAvg
----------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Billings; 3> drop table Bankers; 4> GO</source>
both the EmployeeID and CustomerID columns in our GROUP BY
<source lang="sql">
8> CREATE TABLE Orders ( 9> OrderID int NOT NULL , 10> CustomerID nchar (5) NULL , 11> EmployeeID int NULL , 12> OrderDate datetime NULL , 13> RequiredDate datetime NULL , 14> ShippedDate datetime NULL , 15> ShipVia int NULL , 16> Freight money NULL DEFAULT (0), 17> ShipName nvarchar (40) NULL , 18> ShipAddress nvarchar (60) NULL , 19> ShipCity nvarchar (15) NULL , 20> ShipRegion nvarchar (15) NULL , 21> ShipPostalCode nvarchar (10) NULL , 22> ShipCountry nvarchar (15) NULL 23> ) 24> GO 1> 2> SELECT CustomerID, EmployeeID, COUNT(*) 3> FROM Orders 4> WHERE CustomerID BETWEEN "A" AND "AO" 5> GROUP BY CustomerID, EmployeeID 6> GO CustomerID EmployeeID
----------- -----------
(0 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table orders; 3> GO 1></source>
Extracting partial records using GROUP BY.
<source lang="sql">
4> 5> 6> CREATE TABLE Classification ( 7> Classif_ID integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 8> Classification varchar(25)) 9> GO 1> 2> INSERT into Classification VALUES( 1,"Pop") 3> INSERT into Classification VALUES( 2,"Country") 4> INSERT into Classification VALUES( 3,"Alternative") 5> INSERT into Classification VALUES( 4,"Metal") 6> GO (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> CREATE TABLE CD ( 4> CD_ID integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 5> CD_Title varchar(40), 6> Composer_ID integer NOT NULL, 7> Classif_ID integer NOT NULL, 8> SalesPrice money, 9> AverageCost money) 10> GO 1> INSERT into CD VALUES(2000,"John",100,1,16.99,6.99) 2> INSERT into CD VALUES(2001,"Chicago 16",107,1,14.99,5.99) 3> INSERT into CD VALUES(2002,"Chicago 17",107,1,14.99,5.99) 4> INSERT into CD VALUES(2003,"Chicago 18",107,1,14.99,5.99) 5> INSERT into CD VALUES(2004,"Greatest Hits",107,1,16.99,7.99) 6> INSERT into CD VALUES(2005,"Midnight",101,3,14.99,5.99) 7> INSERT into CD VALUES(2006,"Mode",115,3,14.99,5.99) 8> INSERT into CD VALUES(2007,"Ultra",115,3,15.99,5.99) 9> INSERT into CD VALUES(2008,"Mindcrime",102,4,14.99,5.99) 10> INSERT into CD VALUES(2009,"Empire",102,4,14.99,5.99) 11> INSERT into CD VALUES(2010,"Land",102,4,12.99,4.99) 12> INSERT into CD VALUES(2011,"Night",103,4,11.99,3.99) 13> INSERT into CD VALUES(2012,"Pyromania",103,4,14.99,5.99) 14> INSERT into CD VALUES(2013,"Hysteria",103,4,14.99,5.99) 15> INSERT into CD VALUES(2014,"Hits",103,4,13.99,4.99) 16> INSERT into CD VALUES(2015,"Hits 2",104,2,15.99,6.99) 17> INSERT into CD VALUES(2016,"Greatest",105,2,14.99,5.99) 18> INSERT into CD VALUES(2017,"Hits 3",106,1,13.99,5.99) 19> INSERT into CD VALUES(2018,"Deep",108,1,12.99,2.99) 20> INSERT into CD VALUES(2019,"Turning",109,1,14.99,5.99) 21> INSERT into CD VALUES(2020,"TheHits",109,1,16.99,7.99) 22> INSERT into CD VALUES(2021,"Cars",110,1,9.99,3.99) 23> INSERT into CD VALUES(2022,"Anthology",110,1,25.99,11.99) 24> INSERT into CD VALUES(2023,"City",110,1,14.99,5.99) 25> INSERT into CD VALUES(2024,"Rick",111,1,11.99,2.99) 26> INSERT into CD VALUES(2025,"Live",112,1,19.99,8.99) 27> INSERT into CD VALUES(2026,"Pat",113,1,16.99,6.99) 28> INSERT into CD VALUES(2027,"Big",114,1,14.99,5.99) 29> INSERT into CD VALUES(2028,"Hurting",114,1,11.99,3.99) 30> INSERT into CD VALUES(2029,"Vol 1",116,1,9.99,2.99) 31> INSERT into CD VALUES(2030,"Vol 2",116,1,9.99,2.99) 32> GO (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> SELECT CD.Classif_ID,Classification.Classification, 4> Count(CD.CD_ID) "Total Offerings" 5> FROM CD,Classification 6> WHERE CD.Classif_ID = Classification.Classif_ID and CD.SalesPrice >= 12.00 7> GROUP BY CD.Classif_ID,Classification.Classification 8> GO Classif_ID Classification Total Offerings
------------------------- ---------------
1 Pop 14
2 Country 2
3 Alternative 3
4 Metal 6
(4 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Classification; 3> drop table CD; 4> GO</source>
Group by and table join
<source lang="sql">
4> 5> 6> create table Billings ( 7> BankerID INTEGER, 8> BillingNumber INTEGER, 9> BillingDate datetime, 10> BillingTotal INTEGER, 11> TermsID INTEGER, 12> BillingDueDate datetime , 13> PaymentTotal INTEGER, 14> CreditTotal INTEGER 15> 16> ); 17> GO 1> 2> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (1, 1, "2005-01-22", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (2, 2, "2001-02-21", 165, 1,"2002-02-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (3, 3, "2003-05-02", 165, 1,"2005-04-12",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (4, 4, "1999-03-12", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (5, 5, "2000-04-23", 165, 1,"2005-04-17",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (6, 6, "2001-06-14", 165, 1,"2005-04-18",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (7, 7, "2002-07-15", 165, 1,"2005-04-19",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (8, 8, "2003-08-16", 165, 1,"2005-04-20",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (9, 9, "2004-09-17", 165, 1,"2005-04-21",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO Billings VALUES (0, 0, "2005-10-18", 165, 1,"2005-04-22",123,321); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> create table Bankers( 5> BankerID Integer, 6> BankerName VARCHAR(20), 7> BankerContactLName VARCHAR(20), 8> BankerContactFName VARCHAR(20), 9> BankerCity VARCHAR(20), 10> BankerState VARCHAR(20), 11> BankerZipCode VARCHAR(20), 12> BankerPhone VARCHAR(20) 13> ) 14> GO 1> 2> insert into Bankers values (1, "ABC Inc.","Joe","Smith","Vancouver","BC","11111","111-111-1111"); 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (2, "DEF Inc.","Red","Rice", "New York", "DE","22222","222-222-2222"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (3, "HJI Inc.","Kit","Cat", "Paris", "CA","33333","333-333-3333"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (4, "QWE Inc.","Git","Black","Regina", "ER","44444","444-444-4444"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (5, "RTY Inc.","Wil","Lee", "Toronto", "YU","55555","555-555-5555"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (6, "YUI Inc.","Ted","Larry","Calgary", "TY","66666","666-666-6666"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (7, "OIP Inc.","Yam","Act", "San Franc","FG","77777","777-777-7777"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (8, "SAD Inc.","Hit","Eat", "Orland", "PO","88888","888-888-8888"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (9, "DFG Inc.","Sad","Lee", "Wisler", "PL","99999","999-999-9999"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into Bankers values (0, "GHJ Inc.","Bit","Lee", "Ticker", "MN","00000","000-000-0000"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> SELECT BankerState, BankerCity, COUNT(*) AS BillingQty, 3> AVG(BillingTotal) AS BillingAvg 4> FROM Billings JOIN Bankers 5> ON Billings.BankerID = Bankers.BankerID 6> GROUP BY BankerState, BankerCity 7> ORDER BY BankerState, BankerCity 8> GO BankerState BankerCity BillingQty BillingAvg
-------------------- ----------- -----------
BC Vancouver 1 165 CA Paris 1 165 DE New York 1 165 ER Regina 1 165 FG San Franc 1 165 MN Ticker 1 165 PL Wisler 1 165 PO Orland 1 165 TY Calgary 1 165 YU Toronto 1 165 (10 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Billings; 3> drop table Bankers; 4> GO 1></source>
GROUP BY with SUM()
<source lang="sql">
7> CREATE TABLE employee( 8> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 9> first_name VARCHAR(10), 10> last_name VARCHAR(10), 11> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 12> start_Date DATETIME, 13> region VARCHAR(10), 14> city VARCHAR(20), 15> managerid INTEGER 16> ); 17> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> SELECT city, SUM(Salary) FROM Employee 4> GROUP BY city 5> GO city
----------------------------------------
Calgary 6456.00 London 5567.00 New York 5345.00 Newton 4467.00 Paris 6678.00 Regina 4234.00 Toronto 6123.00 Utown 4789.00 Vancouver 5890.00 (9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO 1> 2></source>
Using GROUP BY ALL
<source lang="sql">
ALL keyword after GROUP BY uses all row values in the grouping, even if they were not qualified to appear via the WHERE clause. Null value is eliminated by an aggregate or other SET operation. 7> 8> CREATE TABLE employee( 9> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 10> first_name VARCHAR(10), 11> last_name VARCHAR(10), 12> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 13> start_Date DATETIME, 14> region VARCHAR(10), 15> city VARCHAR(20) 16> ); 17> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto"); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- --------------------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> SELECT start_Date, 5> SUM(salary) Total 6> FROM employee 7> WHERE start_Date BETWEEN "7/1/2001" AND "7/31/2005" 8> GROUP BY ALL Region; 9> GO Msg 8120, Level 16, State 1, Server BCE67B1242DE45A\SQLEXPRESS, Line 4 Column "employee.start_Date" is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function o r the GROUP BY clause. 1> 2> 3> 4> drop table employee; 5> GO 1></source>
