SQL Server/T-SQL/Store Procedure Function/EXEC
Содержание
Example of Dynamic Database Context with EXEC()
<source lang="sql">
3> 4> CREATE TABLE employee( 5> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 6> first_name VARCHAR(10), 7> last_name VARCHAR(10), 8> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 9> start_Date DATETIME, 10> region VARCHAR(10), 11> city VARCHAR(20), 12> managerid INTEGER 13> ); 14> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> EXEC ("SELECT * FROM Employee") 5> 6> 7> 8> drop table employee; 9> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected)
</source>
EXEC: execute a select statement
<source lang="sql">
2> create table employee( 3> ID int, 4> name nvarchar (10), 5> salary int, 6> start_date datetime, 7> city nvarchar (10), 8> region char (1)) 9> GO 1> 2> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 3> values (1, "Jason", 40420, "02/01/94", "New York", "W") 4> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (2, "Robert",14420, "01/02/95", "Vancouver","N") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (3, "Celia", 24020, "12/03/96", "Toronto", "W") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (4, "Linda", 40620, "11/04/97", "New York", "N") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (5, "David", 80026, "10/05/98", "Vancouver","W") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (6, "James", 70060, "09/06/99", "Toronto", "N") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (7, "Alison",90620, "08/07/00", "New York", "W") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (8, "Chris", 26020, "07/08/01", "Vancouver","N") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region) 2> values (9, "Mary", 60020, "06/09/02", "Toronto", "W") 3> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee 3> GO ID name salary start_date city region
---------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------- ------
1 Jason 40420 1994-02-01 00:00:00.000 New York W
2 Robert 14420 1995-01-02 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
3 Celia 24020 1996-12-03 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
4 Linda 40620 1997-11-04 00:00:00.000 New York N
5 David 80026 1998-10-05 00:00:00.000 Vancouver W
6 James 70060 1999-09-06 00:00:00.000 Toronto N
7 Alison 90620 2000-08-07 00:00:00.000 New York W
8 Chris 26020 2001-07-08 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
9 Mary 60020 2002-06-09 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> -- Finally, pass that value into the EXEC statement 4> EXEC ("SELECT * FROM employee") 5> GO ID name salary start_date city region
---------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------- ------
1 Jason 40420 1994-02-01 00:00:00.000 New York W
2 Robert 14420 1995-01-02 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
3 Celia 24020 1996-12-03 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
4 Linda 40620 1997-11-04 00:00:00.000 New York N
5 David 80026 1998-10-05 00:00:00.000 Vancouver W
6 James 70060 1999-09-06 00:00:00.000 Toronto N
7 Alison 90620 2000-08-07 00:00:00.000 New York W
8 Chris 26020 2001-07-08 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
9 Mary 60020 2002-06-09 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> drop table employee 4> GO 1>
</source>
EXEC sp_help <name>
<source lang="sql">
To view the properties of the sales table, we just have to type the following into the Query Analyzer: 8> CREATE TABLE stores( 9> stor_id char(4) NOT NULL, 10> stor_name varchar(40) NULL, 11> stor_address varchar(40) NULL, 12> city varchar(20) NULL, 13> state char(2) NULL, 14> zip char(5) NULL 15> ) 16> GO 1> EXEC sp_help stores 2> GO Name Owner
Type Created_datetime
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------- -----------------------
stores dbo
user table 2008-08-17 13:04:38.290
Column_name Type
Computed Length Prec Scale Nullable TrimTrailingBlanks FixedLenNu
llInSource Collation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------- ----------- ----- ----- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ----------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
stor_id char
no 4 no no no
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
stor_name varchar
no 40 yes no yes
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
stor_address varchar
no 40 yes no yes
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
city varchar
no 20 yes no yes
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
state char
no 2 yes no yes
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
zip char
no 5 yes no yes
SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
Identity Seed Increment
Not For Replication
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
-------------------
No identity column defined. NULL
NULL NULL
RowGuidCol
No rowguidcol column defined. Data_located_on_filegroup
PRIMARY The object "stores" does not have any indexes, or you do not have permissions. No constraints are defined on object "stores", or you do not have permissions. No foreign keys reference table "stores", or you do not have permissions on referencing tables. No views with schema binding reference table "stores". 1> 2> 3> drop table stores; 4> GO
</source>
Execute a system function
<source lang="sql">
3> 4> CREATE TABLE employee( 5> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 6> first_name VARCHAR(10), 7> last_name VARCHAR(10), 8> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 9> start_Date DATETIME, 10> region VARCHAR(10), 11> city VARCHAR(20), 12> managerid INTEGER 13> ); 14> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> CREATE VIEW MyView 5> AS 6> SELECT 7> id 8> FROM 9> Employee 10> GO 1> 2> 3> 4> EXEC sp_helptext MyView 5> 6> drop view MyView 7> GO Text
CREATE VIEW MyView
AS
SELECT
id
FROM
Employee
1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO
</source>
Use of Functions in Sql statement Concatenation and EXEC
<source lang="sql">
6> CREATE TABLE Customers ( 7> CustomerID nchar (5) NOT NULL , 8> CompanyName nvarchar (40) NOT NULL , 9> ContactName nvarchar (30) NULL , 10> ContactTitle nvarchar (30) NULL , 11> Address nvarchar (60) NULL , 12> City nvarchar (15) NULL , 13> Region nvarchar (15) NULL , 14> PostalCode nvarchar (10) NULL , 15> Country nvarchar (15) NULL , 16> Phone nvarchar (24) NULL , 17> Fax nvarchar (24) NULL 18> ) 19> GO 1> 2> INSERT Customers VALUES("1","A","Maria", "Sales", "Str. 57", "Berlin" ,NULL,"12209", "Germany","111-1111111","111-1111111") 3> INSERT Customers VALUES("2","M","Joe", "Owner", "Ave. 231","Vancouver" ,NULL,"05023", "Mexico", "(222) 222-3332",NULL) 4> INSERT Customers VALUES("3","H","Thomas", "Sales", "Sq. 111","London" ,NULL,"1D00P", "UK", "(444) 444-4444","(444) 444-4444") 5> INSERT Customers VALUES("4","B","Berg", "Order", "Blv 8","Toronto" ,NULL,"00222", "Sweden", "4444-55 55 65","5555-55 55 55") 6> INSERT Customers VALUES("5","S","Moos", "Sales", "Fort 57","New York" ,NULL,"68306", "Germany","6666-66666","6666-77777") 7> INSERT Customers VALUES("6","F","Cite", "Manager","24 ","Dalles" ,NULL,"67000", "France", "88.60.15.31","88.60.15.32") 8> INSERT Customers VALUES("7","C","Sommer", "Owner", "Araq, 67","Paris" ,NULL,"28023", "Spain", "(91) 555 22 82","(91) 555 91 99") 9> INSERT Customers VALUES("8","P","Leb", "Owner", "12 ","Beijing" ,NULL,"13008", "France", "91.24.45.40","91.24.45.41") 10> INSERT Customers VALUES("9","D","Elizabeth","Manager","23 Blvd.","Tsawassen","BC", "T2F8M4","Canada", "(604) 555-4729","(604) 555-3745") 11> go (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) (1 rows affected) 1> -- But this does 2> DECLARE @NumberOfLetters AS int 3> SET @NumberOfLetters = 15 4> DECLARE @str AS varchar(255) 5> SET @str = "SELECT LEFT(CompanyName," + CAST(@NumberOfLetters AS varchar) + ") AS 6~ ShortName FROM Customers" 7> EXEC(@str) 8> GO ShortName
A M H B S F C P D (9 rows affected) 1> 2> drop table Customers; 3> GO
</source>
You can specify the parameters by name.
<source lang="sql">
4> 5> CREATE TABLE employee( 6> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 7> first_name VARCHAR(10), 8> last_name VARCHAR(10), 9> salary DECIMAL(10,2), 10> start_Date DATETIME, 11> region VARCHAR(10), 12> city VARCHAR(20), 13> managerid INTEGER 14> ); 15> GO 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (1, "Jason" , "Martin", 5890,"2005-03-22","North","Vancouver",3); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (2, "Alison", "Mathews",4789,"2003-07-21","South","Utown",4); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (3, "James" , "Smith", 6678,"2001-12-01","North","Paris",5); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (4, "Celia" , "Rice", 5567,"2006-03-03","South","London",6); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (5, "Robert", "Black", 4467,"2004-07-02","East","Newton",7); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (6, "Linda" , "Green" , 6456,"2002-05-19","East","Calgary",8); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (7, "David" , "Larry", 5345,"2008-03-18","West","New York",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (8, "James" , "Cat", 4234,"2007-07-17","West","Regina",9); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> INSERT INTO employee VALUES (9, "Joan" , "Act", 6123,"2001-04-16","North","Toronto",10); 2> GO (1 rows affected) 1> 2> select * from employee; 3> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
2 Alison Mathews 4789.00 2003-07-21 00:00:00.000 South Utown 4
3 James Smith 6678.00 2001-12-01 00:00:00.000 North Paris 5
4 Celia Rice 5567.00 2006-03-03 00:00:00.000 South London 6
5 Robert Black 4467.00 2004-07-02 00:00:00.000 East Newton 7
6 Linda Green 6456.00 2002-05-19 00:00:00.000 East Calgary 8
7 David Larry 5345.00 2008-03-18 00:00:00.000 West New York 9
8 James Cat 4234.00 2007-07-17 00:00:00.000 West Regina 9
9 Joan Act 6123.00 2001-04-16 00:00:00.000 North Toronto 10
(9 rows affected) 1> 2> 3> 4> CREATE PROC MyProc 5> ( 6> @ID nchar (5) 7> ) 8> AS 9> SELECT TOP 1 10> * 11> FROM 12> Employee 13> WHERE 14> ID = @ID 15> ORDER BY 16> Start_Date DESC 17> GO 1> 2> 3> exec MyProc @ID = "1" 4> GO id first_name last_name salary start_Date region city managerid
---------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------- -------------------- -----------
1 Jason Martin 5890.00 2005-03-22 00:00:00.000 North Vancouver 3
(1 rows affected) 1> 2> drop procedure MyProc 3> GO 1> 2> 3> drop table employee; 4> GO 1>
</source>
