Oracle PL/SQL/Subquery/Subquery ANY — различия между версиями
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Admin (обсуждение | вклад) м (1 версия) |
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Текущая версия на 13:02, 26 мая 2010
Содержание
> ANY: each row in the result set is greater than the lowest value returned
<source lang="sql">
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
2 ENAME VARCHAR2(10), 3 JOB VARCHAR2(9), 4 MGR NUMBER(4), 5 HIREDATE DATE, 6 SAL NUMBER(7, 2), 7 COMM NUMBER(7, 2), 8 DEPTNO NUMBER(2));
Table created. SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369, "SMITH", "CLERK", 7902, TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521, "WARD", "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566, "JONES", "MANAGER", 7839, TO_DATE("2-APR-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> select * from emp;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30 7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 09-DEC-82 3000 20 7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 12-JAN-83 1100 20 EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
14 rows selected. SQL> SQL> -- Working with subqueries that return multiple rows SQL> -- If a query condition is >ANY, each row in the result set is greater than the lowest value -- SQL> -- returned. SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM Emp 3 WHERE sal > ANY (SELECT sal 4 FROM Emp 5 WHERE job ="SALESMAN"); EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 09-DEC-82 3000 20 7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10 7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30 7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
9 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL>
</source>
ANY with a Multiple Row Subquery
<source lang="sql">
SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL, 3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 5 Start_Date DATE, 6 End_Date DATE, 7 Salary Number(8,2), 8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), 9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE) 10 ) 11 /
Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester") 3 /
1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DATE END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 1996-JUL-25 2006-JUL-25 1234.56 Toronto Programmer 02 Alison Mathews 1976-MAR-21 1986-FEB-21 6661.78 Vancouver Tester 03 James Smith 1978-DEC-12 1990-MAR-15 6544.78 Vancouver Tester 04 Celia Rice 1982-OCT-24 1999-APR-21 2344.78 Vancouver Manager 05 Robert Black 1984-JAN-15 1998-AUG-08 2334.78 Vancouver Tester 06 Linda Green 1987-JUL-30 1996-JAN-04 4322.78 New York Tester 07 David Larry 1990-DEC-31 1998-FEB-12 7897.78 New York Manager 08 James Cat 1996-SEP-17 2002-APR-15 1232.78 Vancouver Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> --ANY with a Multiple Row Subquery: must place an =, <>, <, >, <=, or >= operator before ANY SQL> SQL> SELECT id, last_name
2 FROM employee 3 WHERE salary < ANY 4 (SELECT salary 5 FROM employee where city="New York");
ID LAST_NAME
----------
08 Cat 01 Martin 05 Black 04 Rice 06 Green 03 Smith 02 Mathews 7 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped. SQL>
</source>
Greater than any subquery
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> create table emp
2 ( empno NUMBER(4) constraint E_PK primary key 3 , ename VARCHAR2(8) 4 , init VARCHAR2(5) 5 , job VARCHAR2(8) 6 , mgr NUMBER(4) 7 , bdate DATE 8 , sal NUMBER(6,2) 9 , comm NUMBER(6,2) 10 , deptno NUMBER(2) default 10 11 ) ;
Table created. SQL> insert into emp values(1,"Tom","N", "TRAINER", 13,date "1965-12-17", 800 , NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(2,"Jack","JAM", "Tester",6,date "1961-02-20", 1600, 300, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(3,"Wil","TF" , "Tester",6,date "1962-02-22", 1250, 500, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(4,"Jane","JM", "Designer", 9,date "1967-04-02", 2975, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(5,"Mary","P", "Tester",6,date "1956-09-28", 1250, 1400, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(6,"Black","R", "Designer", 9,date "1963-11-01", 2850, NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(7,"Chris","AB", "Designer", 9,date "1965-06-09", 2450, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(8,"Smart","SCJ", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-11-26", 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(9,"Peter","CC", "Designer",NULL,date "1952-11-17", 5000, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(10,"Take","JJ", "Tester",6,date "1968-09-28", 1500, 0, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(11,"Ana","AA", "TRAINER", 8,date "1966-12-30", 1100, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(12,"Jane","R", "Manager", 6,date "1969-12-03", 800 , NULL, 30); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(13,"Fake","MG", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-02-13", 3000, NULL, 20); 1 row created. SQL> insert into emp values(14,"Mike","TJA","Manager", 7,date "1962-01-23", 1300, NULL, 10); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> select e.empno, e.ename, e.job, e.sal
2 from emp e 3 where e.sal > ANY (select x.sal 4 from emp x 5 where x.job = "Designer"); EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL
-------- -------- ----------
4 Jane Designer 2975 6 Black 2850 8 Smart TRAINER 3000 9 Peter Designer 5000 13 Fake TRAINER 3000
SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped.
</source>
Using the ANY Operator with subquery
<source lang="sql">
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE dept (
2 deptID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, 3 empID INT NOT NULL, 4 ClassID INT NOT NULL, 5 EnrolledOn DATE, 6 Grade INT);
Table created. SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (1,1,1,DATE "2002-09-23",62); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (2,1,2,DATE "2002-09-30",70); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (3,2,3,DATE "2003-09-23",51); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (4,2,5,DATE "2003-09-23",41); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (5,2,6,DATE "2003-09-23",68); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (6,3,4,DATE "2002-09-30",78); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (7,3,7,DATE "2002-09-30",80); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO dept (deptID,empID,ClassID,EnrolledOn,Grade) VALUES (8,4,8,DATE "2002-09-20",70); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> CREATE TABLE empExam (
2 empID INT NOT NULL, 3 ExamID INT NOT NULL, 4 Mark INT, 5 Taken SMALLINT, 6 Comments VARCHAR(255), 7 CONSTRAINT PK_empExam PRIMARY KEY (empID, ExamID));
Table created. SQL> SQL> SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple"); 1 row created. SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken) VALUES (2,6,63,1); 1 row created. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SELECT empID, Grade FROM dept e
2 WHERE Grade < ANY ( 3 SELECT Mark/2 FROM empExam s 4 WHERE s.empID = e.empID);
no rows selected SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> drop table dept; Table dropped. SQL> drop table empExam; Table dropped.
</source>