Oracle PL/SQL/Subquery/Exists Subquery
Содержание
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP(
2 EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
3 ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
4 JOB VARCHAR2(9),
5 MGR NUMBER(4),
6 HIREDATE DATE,
7 SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
8 COMM NUMBER(7, 2),
9 DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
10 );
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(2, "Jack", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(3, "Wil", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(4, "Jane", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("2-APR-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(5, "Mary", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(6, "Black", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7, "Chris", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(8, "Smart", "Helper", 4,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(9, "Peter", "Manager", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(10, "Take", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(13, "Fake", "Helper", 4,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE DEPT(
2 DEPTNO NUMBER(2),
3 DNAME VARCHAR2(14),
4 LOC VARCHAR2(13)
5 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10, "ACCOUNTING", "NEW YORK");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20, "RESEARCH", "DALLAS");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (30, "SALES", "CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (40, "OPERATIONS", "BOSTON");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT e1.ename, d.dname
2 FROM emp e1, dept d
3 WHERE e1.deptno = d.deptno
4 AND EXISTS
5 (SELECT "x" FROM emp e2
6 WHERE e2.ename = "Smart" AND e2.deptno = e1.deptno)
7 /
ENAME DNAME
---------- --------------
Jane RESEARCH
Smart RESEARCH
Fake RESEARCH
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table dept;
Table dropped.
exists in subquery
SQL>
SQL> create table emp
2 ( empno NUMBER(4) constraint E_PK primary key
3 , ename VARCHAR2(8)
4 , init VARCHAR2(5)
5 , job VARCHAR2(8)
6 , mgr NUMBER(4)
7 , bdate DATE
8 , sal NUMBER(6,2)
9 , comm NUMBER(6,2)
10 , deptno NUMBER(2) default 10
11 ) ;
Table created.
SQL> insert into emp values(1,"Tom","N", "TRAINER", 13,date "1965-12-17", 800 , NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(2,"Jack","JAM", "Tester",6,date "1961-02-20", 1600, 300, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(3,"Wil","TF" , "Tester",6,date "1962-02-22", 1250, 500, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(4,"Jane","JM", "Designer", 9,date "1967-04-02", 2975, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(5,"Mary","P", "Tester",6,date "1956-09-28", 1250, 1400, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(6,"Black","R", "Designer", 9,date "1963-11-01", 2850, NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(7,"Chris","AB", "Designer", 9,date "1965-06-09", 2450, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(8,"Smart","SCJ", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-11-26", 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(9,"Peter","CC", "Designer",NULL,date "1952-11-17", 5000, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(10,"Take","JJ", "Tester",6,date "1968-09-28", 1500, 0, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(11,"Ana","AA", "TRAINER", 8,date "1966-12-30", 1100, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(12,"Jane","R", "Manager", 6,date "1969-12-03", 800 , NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(13,"Fake","MG", "TRAINER", 4,date "1959-02-13", 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp values(14,"Mike","TJA","Manager", 7,date "1962-01-23", 1300, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> create table offerings
2 ( course VARCHAR2(6)
3 , begindate DATE
4 , trainer NUMBER(4)
5 , location VARCHAR2(8)
6 ) ;
Table created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-04-12",13,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("OAU",date "2009-08-10",4,"CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-10-04",1,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-12-13",1,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("JAV",date "2009-12-13",4,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("XML",date "2000-02-03",1,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("JAV",date "2000-02-01",11,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("PLS",date "2000-09-11",8,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("XML",date "2000-09-18",NULL,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("OAU",date "2000-09-27",13,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("ERM",date "2001-01-15",NULL, NULL );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("PRO",date "2001-02-19",NULL,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("RSD",date "2001-02-24",8,"CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select e.*
2 from emp e
3 where exists (select o.*
4 from offerings o
5 where o.course = "SQL"
6 and o.trainer = e.empno);
EMPNO ENAME INIT JOB MGR BDATE SAL COMM
---------- -------- ----- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
1 Tom N TRAINER 13 17-12-1965 800
20
13 Fake MG 4 13-02-1959 3000
20
SQL> drop table offerings;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL>
not exists and subquery
SQL>
SQL> create table offerings
2 ( course VARCHAR2(6)
3 , begindate DATE
4 , trainer NUMBER(4)
5 , location VARCHAR2(8)
6 ) ;
Table created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-04-12",13,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("OAU",date "2009-08-10",4,"CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-10-04",1,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("SQL",date "2009-12-13",1,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("JAV",date "2009-12-13",4,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("XML",date "2000-02-03",1,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("JAV",date "2000-02-01",11,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("PLS",date "2000-09-11",8,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("XML",date "2000-09-18",NULL,"SEATTLE");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("OAU",date "2000-09-27",13,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("ERM",date "2001-01-15",NULL, NULL );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("PRO",date "2001-02-19",NULL,"DALLAS" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into offerings values ("RSD",date "2001-02-24",8,"CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL> create table registrations
2 ( attendee NUMBER(4)
3 , course VARCHAR2(6)
4 , begindate DATE
5 , evaluation NUMBER(1)
6 , constraint R_PK primary key(attendee,course,begindate)
7 ) ;
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into registrations values (2,"SQL",date "2009-04-12",4 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (14,"SQL",date "2009-04-12",5 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (6,"SQL",date "2009-04-12",4 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (11,"SQL",date "2009-04-12",2 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (8,"SQL",date "2009-10-04",NULL);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (9,"SQL",date "2009-10-04",3 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (13,"SQL",date "2009-10-04",4 );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (13,"SQL",date "2009-12-13",NULL);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (6,"SQL",date "2009-12-13",NULL);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into registrations values (3,"OAU",date "2009-08-10",4 );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select o.*
2 from offerings o
3 where not exists
4 (select r.*
5 from registrations r
6 where r.course = o.course
7 and r.begindate = o.begindate);
COURSE BEGINDATE TRAINER LOCATION
------ ---------- ---------- --------
JAV 13-12-2009 4 SEATTLE
XML 03-02-2000 1 DALLAS
JAV 01-02-2000 11 DALLAS
PLS 11-09-2000 8 DALLAS
XML 18-09-2000 SEATTLE
OAU 27-09-2000 13 DALLAS
ERM 15-01-2001
PRO 19-02-2001 DALLAS
RSD 24-02-2001 8 CHICAGO
9 rows selected.
SQL> drop table offerings;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table registrations;
Table dropped.
SQL>
not exists subquery
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table gift(
2 gift_id integer primary key
3 ,emp_id integer
4 ,register_date date not null
5 ,total_price number(7,2)
6 ,deliver_date date
7 ,deliver_time varchar2(7)
8 ,payment varchar2(2)
9 ,emp_no number(3,0)
10 ,deliver_name varchar2(35)
11 ,message varchar2(100)
12 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id,emp_id,register_date,total_price,deliver_date,deliver_time,payment,emp_no,deliver_name,message)values
2 (1,1,"14-Feb-1999", 123.12, "14-Feb-1999", "12 noon", "CA",1, null, "Happy Birthday to you");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time ,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message)values
2 (2,1,"14-Feb-1999", 50.98, "14-feb-1999", "1 pm", "CA",7, "name1", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message )values
2 (3, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 35.99, "14-feb-1999", "1 pm", "VS",2, "Tom", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message )values
2 (4, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 19.95, "14-feb-1999", "5 pm", "CA",2, "Mary", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message)values
2 (5, 6,"4-mar-1999", 10.95, "5-mar-1999", "4:30 pm", "VS", 2, "Jack", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> create table emp(
2 emp_id integer primary key
3 ,lastname varchar2(20) not null
4 ,firstname varchar2(15) not null
5 ,midinit varchar2(1)
6 ,street varchar2(30)
7 ,city varchar2(20)
8 ,state varchar2(2)
9 ,zip varchar2(5)
10 ,shortZipCode varchar2(4)
11 ,area_code varchar2(3)
12 ,phone varchar2(8)
13 ,company_name varchar2(50));
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into emp(emp_id,lastname,firstname,midinit,street,city,state,zip,shortZipCode,area_code,phone,company_name)values
2 (1,"Jones","Joe","J","1 Ave","New York","NY","11202","1111","212", "221-4333","Big Company");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp(emp_id,lastname,firstname,midinit,street,city,state,zip,shortZipCode,area_code,phone,company_name)values
2 (2,"Smith","Sue","J","1 Street","New York","NY","11444","1111","212", "436-6773","Little Company");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into emp(emp_id,lastname,firstname,midinit,street,city,state,zip,shortZipCode,area_code,phone,company_name)values
2 (3,"X","Peggy","J","1 Drive","New York","NY","45502","2222","212", "234-4444","Medium Company");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select emp_id, lastname
2 from emp c
3 where not exists
4 (select * from gift o where o.emp_id = c.emp_id);
EMP_ID LASTNAME
---------- --------------------
3 X
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table gift;
Table dropped.
Using the EXISTS Operator with subquery
SQL> CREATE TABLE empExam (
2 empID INT NOT NULL,
3 ExamID INT NOT NULL,
4 Mark INT,
5 Taken SMALLINT,
6 Comments VARCHAR(255),
7 CONSTRAINT PK_empExam PRIMARY KEY (empID, ExamID));
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (1,1,55,1,"Satisfactory");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (1,2,73,1,"Good result");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (2,3,44,1,"Hard");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken,Comments) VALUES (2,5,39,0,"Simple");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO empExam (empID,ExamID,Mark,Taken) VALUES (2,6,63,1);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE emp (
2 empID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
3 Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL);
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (1,"Tom");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (2,"Jack");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (3,"Mary");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (4,"Bill");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (5,"Cat");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO emp (empID,Name) VALUES (6,"Victor");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT empID, Name FROM emp s
2 WHERE EXISTS (
3 SELECT empID FROM empExam e
4 WHERE Mark < 40 AND e.empID = s.empID);
EMPID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
2 Jack
1 row selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table empExam;
Table dropped.