SQL/MySQL/Flow Control/CASE WHEN Select

CASE WHEN with calculation

SELECT CASE 10*2
   WHEN 20 THEN "20 correct"
   WHEN 30 THEN "30 correct"
   WHEN 40 THEN "40 correct"
END;

Simple CASE WHEN command

SELECT CASE WHEN 10*2=30 THEN "30 correct"
   WHEN 10*2=40 THEN "40 correct"
   ELSE "Should be 10*2=20"
END;

Use case when

/*
mysql>   SELECT CASE WHEN 9>7
    ->                  THEN "TRUE"
    ->                  ELSE
    ->                  "FALSE"
    ->                  END
    ->   AS "Results";
+---------+
| Results |
+---------+
| TRUE    |
+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

*/
  SELECT CASE WHEN 9>7 
                 THEN "TRUE" 
                 ELSE 
                 "FALSE" 
                 END 
  AS "Results";

Use CASE WHEN for string value

/*
mysql> select * from sales;
+-----+------------+--------+--------+--------+------+------------+
| num | name       | winter | spring | summer | fall | category   |
+-----+------------+--------+--------+--------+------+------------+
|   1 | Java       |   1067 |    200 |    150 |  267 | Holiday    |
|   2 | C          |    970 |    770 |    531 |  486 | Profession |
|   3 | JavaScript |     53 |     13 |     21 |  856 | Literary   |
|   4 | SQL        |    782 |    357 |    168 |  250 | Profession |
|   5 | Oracle     |    589 |    795 |    367 |  284 | Holiday    |
|   6 | MySQL      |    953 |    582 |    336 |  489 | Literary   |
|   7 | Cplus      |    752 |    657 |    259 |  478 | Literary   |
|   8 | Python     |     67 |     23 |     83 |  543 | Holiday    |
|   9 | PHP        |    673 |     48 |    625 |   52 | Profession |
+-----+------------+--------+--------+--------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT name AS Name,
    -> CASE category
    -> WHEN "Holiday" THEN "Seasonal"
    -> WHEN "Profession" THEN "Bi_annual"
    -> WHEN "Literary" THEN "Random" END AS "Pattern"
    -> FROM sales;
+------------+-----------+
| Name       | Pattern   |
+------------+-----------+
| Java       | Seasonal  |
| C          | Bi_annual |
| JavaScript | Random    |
| SQL        | Bi_annual |
| Oracle     | Seasonal  |
| MySQL      | Random    |
| Cplus      | Random    |
| Python     | Seasonal  |
| PHP        | Bi_annual |
+------------+-----------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

*/
Drop table sales;
  
CREATE TABLE sales(
    num MEDIUMINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name CHAR(20),
    winter INT,
    spring INT,
    summer INT,
    fall INT,
    category CHAR(13),
    primary key(num)
)type=MyISAM;

insert into sales value(1, "Java", 1067 , 200, 150, 267,"Holiday");
insert into sales value(2, "C",970,770,531,486,"Profession");
insert into sales value(3, "JavaScript",53,13,21,856,"Literary");
insert into sales value(4, "SQL",782,357,168,250,"Profession");
insert into sales value(5, "Oracle",589,795,367,284,"Holiday");
insert into sales value(6, "MySQL",953,582,336,489,"Literary");
insert into sales value(7, "Cplus",752,657,259,478,"Literary");
insert into sales value(8, "Python",67,23,83,543,"Holiday");
insert into sales value(9, "PHP",673,48,625,52,"Profession");
select * from sales;

SELECT name AS Name,
CASE category
WHEN "Holiday" THEN "Seasonal"
WHEN "Profession" THEN "Bi_annual"
WHEN "Literary" THEN "Random" END AS "Pattern"
FROM sales;

Use CASE WHEN statement in SELECT

/*
mysql> SELECT Name, RatingID AS Rating,
    ->    CASE RatingID
    ->       WHEN "R" THEN "Under 17 requires an adult."
    ->       WHEN "X" THEN "No one 17 and under."
    ->       WHEN "NR" THEN "Use discretion when renting."
    ->       ELSE "OK to rent to minors."
    ->    END AS Policy
    -> FROM DVDs
    -> ORDER BY Name;
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
| Name      | Rating | Policy                       |
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
| Africa    | PG     | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Amadeus   | PG     | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Christmas | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| Doc       | G      | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Falcon    | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| Mash      | R      | Under 17 requires an adult.  |
| Show      | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| View      | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

*/
Drop table DVDs;
CREATE TABLE DVDs (
   ID SMALLINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   Name VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
   NumDisks TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
   RatingID VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
   StatID CHAR(3) NOT NULL
)
ENGINE=INNODB;
INSERT INTO DVDs (Name, NumDisks, RatingID, StatID)
VALUES ("Christmas", 1, "NR", "s1"),
       ("Doc",       1, "G",  "s2"),
       ("Africa",    1, "PG", "s1"),
       ("Falcon",    1, "NR", "s2"),
       ("Amadeus",   1, "PG", "s2"),
       ("Show",      2, "NR", "s2"),
       ("View",      1, "NR", "s1"),
       ("Mash",      2, "R",  "s2");
  
SELECT Name, RatingID AS Rating,
   CASE RatingID
      WHEN "R" THEN "Under 17 requires an adult."
      WHEN "X" THEN "No one 17 and under."
      WHEN "NR" THEN "Use discretion when renting."
      ELSE "OK to rent to minors."
   END AS Policy
FROM DVDs
ORDER BY Name;

Use CASE WHEN statement in SELECT 2

/*
mysql> SELECT Name, RatingID AS Rating,
    ->    CASE
    ->       WHEN RatingID="R" THEN "Under 17 requires an adult."
    ->       WHEN RatingID="X" THEN "No one 17 and under."
    ->       WHEN RatingID="NR" THEN "Use discretion when renting."
    ->       ELSE "OK to rent to minors."
    ->    END AS Policy
    -> FROM DVDs
    -> ORDER BY Name;
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
| Name      | Rating | Policy                       |
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
| Africa    | PG     | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Amadeus   | PG     | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Christmas | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| Doc       | G      | OK to rent to minors.        |
| Falcon    | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| Mash      | R      | Under 17 requires an adult.  |
| Show      | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
| View      | NR     | Use discretion when renting. |
+-----------+--------+------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

*/
Drop table DVDs;
CREATE TABLE DVDs (
   ID SMALLINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   Name VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
   NumDisks TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
   RatingID VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
   StatID CHAR(3) NOT NULL
)
ENGINE=INNODB;
INSERT INTO DVDs (Name, NumDisks, RatingID, StatID)
VALUES ("Christmas", 1, "NR", "s1"),
       ("Doc",       1, "G",  "s2"),
       ("Africa",    1, "PG", "s1"),
       ("Falcon",    1, "NR", "s2"),
       ("Amadeus",   1, "PG", "s2"),
       ("Show",      2, "NR", "s2"),
       ("View",      1, "NR", "s1"),
       ("Mash",      2, "R",  "s2");
  
SELECT Name, RatingID AS Rating,
   CASE
      WHEN RatingID="R" THEN "Under 17 requires an adult."
      WHEN RatingID="X" THEN "No one 17 and under."
      WHEN RatingID="NR" THEN "Use discretion when renting."
      ELSE "OK to rent to minors."
   END AS Policy
FROM DVDs
ORDER BY Name;