PostgreSQL/Select Query/LIMIT — различия между версиями

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Текущая версия на 10:14, 26 мая 2010

Correct operator usage: LIMIT

postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# CREATE TABLE employee (
postgres(#     ID         int,
postgres(#     name       varchar(10),
postgres(#     salary     real,
postgres(#     start_date date,
postgres(#     city       varchar(10),
postgres(#     region     char(1)
postgres(# );
CREATE TABLE
postgres=#
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (1,  "Jason", 40420,  "02/01/94", "New York", "W");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (2,  "Robert",14420,  "01/02/95", "Vancouver","N");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (3,  "Celia", 24020,  "12/03/96", "Toronto",  "W");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (4,  "Linda", 40620,  "11/04/97", "New York", "N");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (5,  "David", 80026,  "10/05/98", "Vancouver","W");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (6,  "James", 70060,  "09/06/99", "Toronto",  "N");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (7,  "Alison",90620,  "08/07/00", "New York", "W");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (8,  "Chris", 26020,  "07/08/01", "Vancouver","N");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into employee (ID, name,    salary, start_date, city,       region)
postgres-#               values (9,  "Mary",  60020,  "06/09/02", "Toronto",  "W");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=#
postgres=# select * from employee;
 id |  name  | salary | start_date |   city    | region
----+--------+--------+------------+-----------+--------
  1 | Jason  |  40420 | 1994-02-01 | New York  | W
  2 | Robert |  14420 | 1995-01-02 | Vancouver | N
  3 | Celia  |  24020 | 1996-12-03 | Toronto   | W
  4 | Linda  |  40620 | 1997-11-04 | New York  | N
  5 | David  |  80026 | 1998-10-05 | Vancouver | W
  6 | James  |  70060 | 1999-09-06 | Toronto   | N
  7 | Alison |  90620 | 2000-08-07 | New York  | W
  8 | Chris  |  26020 | 2001-07-08 | Vancouver | N
  9 | Mary   |  60020 | 2002-06-09 | Toronto   | W
(9 rows)
postgres=#
postgres=# -- Correct operator usage
postgres=#
postgres=# SELECT id + 1 AS id_plus_one, name FROM employee
postgres-#         ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 5;
 id_plus_one |  name
-------------+--------
          10 | Mary
           9 | Chris
           8 | Alison
           7 | James
           6 | David
(5 rows)
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# drop table employee;
DROP TABLE
postgres=#



Using LIMIT for Natural Join

postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# CREATE TABLE "editions" (
postgres(#      "isbn" text NOT NULL,
postgres(#      "book_id" integer,
postgres(#      "edition" integer,
postgres(#      "publisher_id" integer,
postgres(#      "publication" date,
postgres(#      "type" character(1),
postgres(#      CONSTRAINT "integrity" CHECK (((book_id NOTNULL) AND (edition NOTNULL))),
postgres(#      Constraint "pkey" Primary Key ("isbn")
postgres(# );
NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "pkey" for table "editions"
CREATE TABLE
postgres=#
postgres=# insert into editions values("039480001X", 1608,  1,  59,  "1957-03-01", "h");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0451160916", 7808,  1,  75,  "1981-08-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0394800753", 1590,  1,  59,  "1949-03-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0590445065", 25908, 1,  150, "1987-03-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0694003611", 1501,  1,  65,  "1947-03-04", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0679803335", 1234,  1,  102, "1922-01-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0760720002", 190,   1,  91,  "1868-01-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0394900014", 1608,  1,  59,  "1957-01-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0385121679", 7808,  2,  75,  "1993-10-01", "h");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("1885418035", 156,   1,  163, "1995-03-28", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0929605942", 156,   2,  171, "1998-12-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0441172717", 4513,  2,  99,  "1998-09-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("044100590X", 4513,  3,  99,  "1999-10-01", "h");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0451457994", 4267,  3,  101, "2000-09-12", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0451198492", 4267,  3,  101, "1999-10-01", "h");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0823015505", 2038,  1,  62,  "1958-01-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into editions values("0596000855", 41473, 2,  113, "2001-03-01", "p");
INSERT 0 1
postgres=#
postgres=# select * from editions;
    isbn    | book_id | edition | publisher_id | publication | type
------------+---------+---------+--------------+-------------+------
 039480001X |    1608 |       1 |           59 | 1957-03-01  | h
 0451160916 |    7808 |       1 |           75 | 1981-08-01  | p
 0394800753 |    1590 |       1 |           59 | 1949-03-01  | p
 0590445065 |   25908 |       1 |          150 | 1987-03-01  | p
 0694003611 |    1501 |       1 |           65 | 1947-03-04  | p
 0679803335 |    1234 |       1 |          102 | 1922-01-01  | p
 0760720002 |     190 |       1 |           91 | 1868-01-01  | p
 0394900014 |    1608 |       1 |           59 | 1957-01-01  | p
 0385121679 |    7808 |       2 |           75 | 1993-10-01  | h
 1885418035 |     156 |       1 |          163 | 1995-03-28  | p
 0929605942 |     156 |       2 |          171 | 1998-12-01  | p
 0441172717 |    4513 |       2 |           99 | 1998-09-01  | p
 044100590X |    4513 |       3 |           99 | 1999-10-01  | h
 0451457994 |    4267 |       3 |          101 | 2000-09-12  | p
 0451198492 |    4267 |       3 |          101 | 1999-10-01  | h
 0823015505 |    2038 |       1 |           62 | 1958-01-01  | p
 0596000855 |   41473 |       2 |          113 | 2001-03-01  | p
(17 rows)
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# CREATE TABLE "books" (
postgres(#      "id"           integer NOT NULL,
postgres(#      "title"        text NOT NULL,
postgres(#      "author_id"    integer,
postgres(#      "subject_id"   integer,
postgres(#      Constraint "books_id_pkey" Primary Key ("id")
postgres(# );
NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "books_id_pkey" for table "books"
CREATE TABLE
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# insert into books values (7808,  "Java",                  4156, 9);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (4513,  "Javascript",            1866, 15);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (4267,  "C#",                    2001, 15);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (1608,  "Oracle",                1809, 2);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (1590,  "Sql Server",            1809, 2);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (25908, "Postgre SQL",          15990, 2);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (1501,  "Python",                2031, 2);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (190,   "Java by API",             16, 6);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (1234,  "2D",                   25041, 3);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (2038,  "C",                     1644, 0);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (156,   "C++",                    115, 9);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (41473, "Programming Python",    7805, 4);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (41477, "Learning Python",       7805, 4);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (41478, "Perl Cookbook",         7806, 4);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into books values (41472, "Practical PostgreSQL",  1212, 4);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=#
postgres=# select * from books;
  id   |        title         | author_id | subject_id
-------+----------------------+-----------+------------
  7808 | Java                 |      4156 |          9
  4513 | Javascript           |      1866 |         15
  4267 | C#                   |      2001 |         15
  1608 | Oracle               |      1809 |          2
  1590 | Sql Server           |      1809 |          2
 25908 | Postgre SQL          |     15990 |          2
  1501 | Python               |      2031 |          2
   190 | Java by API          |        16 |          6
  1234 | 2D                   |     25041 |          3
  2038 | C                    |      1644 |          0
   156 | C++                  |       115 |          9
 41473 | Programming Python   |      7805 |          4
 41477 | Learning Python      |      7805 |          4
 41478 | Perl Cookbook        |      7806 |          4
 41472 | Practical PostgreSQL |      1212 |          4
(15 rows)
postgres=#
postgres=# --Using LIMIT and OFFSET
postgres=#
postgres=# SELECT isbn, title, publication
postgres-#         FROM editions NATURAL JOIN books AS b (book_id)
postgres-#         ORDER BY publication DESC
postgres-#         LIMIT 5;
    isbn    |       title        | publication
------------+--------------------+-------------
 0596000855 | Programming Python | 2001-03-01
 0451457994 | C#                 | 2000-09-12
 044100590X | Javascript         | 1999-10-01
 0451198492 | C#                 | 1999-10-01
 0929605942 | C++                | 1998-12-01
(5 rows)
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=# drop table books cascade;
DROP TABLE
postgres=# drop table editions cascade;
DROP TABLE
postgres=#
postgres=#