Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial/PL SQL Programming/Insert — различия между версиями

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Текущая версия на 10:08, 26 мая 2010

Add a row to the classes table, using the values of the variables

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL primary key,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_Department       CHAR(3)  := "99";
  3    v_salary           NUMBER(3) := 203;
  4    v_Description      VARCHAR2(20) := "DEVE";
  5  BEGIN
  6    INSERT INTO employee (id, salary, description)
  7                   VALUES (v_Department, v_salary, v_Description);
  8  END;
  9  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
99                                                                        203            DEVE
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>


A Safe INSERT Statement

SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure p_create(i_deptNo VARCHAR, i_dName VARCHAR2, i_loc VARCHAR2) is
  2  begin
  3      if length(i_dName)>10 then
  4          raise_application_error (-20999,"First name is too long");
  5      end if;
  6      insert into employee (id, first_Name, city) values (i_deptNo, i_dName, i_loc);
  7  end;
  8  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call p_create ("01","new","new");
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
01   new                                                  new
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.


How INSERTs work with PL/SQL

SQL> CREATE TABLE authors (
  2    id         NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
  3    first_name VARCHAR2(50),
  4    last_name  VARCHAR2(50)
  5  );
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
  2    VALUES (1, "Marlene", "Theriault");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
  2    VALUES (2, "Rachel", "Carmichael");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
  2    VALUES (3, "James", "Viscusi");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE books (
  2    isbn      CHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,
  3    category  VARCHAR2(20),
  4    title     VARCHAR2(100),
  5    num_pages NUMBER,
  6    price     NUMBER,
  7    copyright NUMBER(4),
  8    author1   NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author1
  9              REFERENCES authors(id),
 10    author2   NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author2
 11              REFERENCES authors(id),
 12    author3   NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author3
 13              REFERENCES authors(id)
 14  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO books (isbn, category, title, num_pages, price, copyright, author1, author2, author3)
  2    VALUES ("72121203", "Oracle Basics", "Oracle DBA 101", 563, 39.99, 1999, 1, 2, 3);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO books (isbn, category, title, num_pages, price, copyright, author1, author2)
  2    VALUES ("72122048", "Oracle Basics", "Oracle8i: A Beginner""s Guide", 765, 44.99, 1999, 1, 2);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON ESCAPE OFF
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
  2
  3     v_isbn BOOKS.ISBN%TYPE := "12345678";
  4     v_category BOOKS.CATEGORY%TYPE := "Oracle Server";
  5     v_title BOOKS.TITLE%TYPE := "Oracle Information Retrieval";
  6
  7  BEGIN
  8
  9     INSERT INTO books (ISBN,CATEGORY,TITLE,NUM_PAGES,PRICE,
 10                        COPYRIGHT,AUTHOR1)
 11     VALUES (v_isbn, v_category, v_title, 450, 39.95,
 12             2005, 2);
 13
 14     COMMIT;
 15
 16  EXCEPTION
 17     WHEN OTHERS
 18     THEN
 19        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
 20        ROLLBACK;
 21  END;
 22  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> drop table books;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table authors;
Table dropped.


Insert by Using RECORD Type Variable

SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE)
  5  )
  6  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure p_create(i_deptNo VARCHAR, i_dName VARCHAR2, i_loc VARCHAR2) is
  2  v_row employee%ROWTYPE;
  3  begin
  4      if length(i_dName)>10 then
  5          raise_application_error(-20999,"first name is too long");
  6      end if;
  7
  8      v_row.id:=i_deptNo;
  9      v_row.first_Name:=i_dName;
 10      v_row.city:=i_loc;
 11
 12      insert into employee values v_row;
 13  end;
 14  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call p_create ("01","new","new");
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME CITY
---- ---------- ----------
01   new        new
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.


Insert data in PL/SQL block

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /

ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
  2      quant NUMBER := 20;
  3  BEGIN
  4      INSERT INTO employee (salary)
  5      VALUES (quant);
  6      IF (SQL%NOTFOUND)
  7      THEN
  8          dbms_output.put_line("Insert error?!");
  9      END IF;
 10  END;
 11  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SELECT * FROM employee;

ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
                                                       20
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.


Insert values using PL/SQL literals and variables

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table employee (
  2  id                 number,
  3  employee_type_id   number,
  4  external_id        varchar2(30),
  5  first_name         varchar2(30),
  6  middle_name        varchar2(30),
  7  last_name          varchar2(30),
  8  name               varchar2(100),
  9  birth_date         date,
 10  gender_id          number);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table gender (
  2  id                 number                         not null,
  3  code               varchar2(30)                   not null,
  4  description        varchar2(80)                   not null,
  5  active_date        date          default SYSDATE  not null,
  6  inactive_date      date );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 1, "F", "Female" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 2, "M", "Male" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 3, "U", "Unknown" );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> create table employee_type (
  2  id                             number                         not null,
  3  code                           varchar2(30)                   not null,
  4  description                    varchar2(80)                   not null,
  5  active_date                    date          default SYSDATE  not null,
  6  inactive_date                  date );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(1,"C","Contractor" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(2,"E","Employee" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(3,"U","Unknown" );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> set serveroutput on size 1000000;
SQL>
SQL> declare
  2      n_id                                  employee.id%TYPE;
  3      n_employee_type_id                    employee.employee_type_id%TYPE;
  4      v_external_id                         employee.external_id%TYPE;
  5      n_gender_id                           employee.gender_id%TYPE;
  6      n_count                               number;
  7  begin
  8    begin
  9      select id into n_employee_type_id from employee_type where code = "C";
 10    exception
 11      when OTHERS then
 12        raise_application_error(-20002, SQLERRM||" on select employee_type"||" in filename insert.sql");
 13    end;
 14    begin
 15      select id into n_gender_id from gender where code = "M";
 16    exception
 17      when OTHERS then
 18        raise_application_error(-20004, SQLERRM||" on select gender"||" in filename insert.sql");
 19    end;
 20
 21    begin
 22      select 12 into n_id from SYS.DUAL;
 23    exception
 24      when OTHERS then
 25        raise_application_error(-20001, SQLERRM||" on select 12"||" in filename insert.sql");
 26    end;
 27
 28    begin
 29      select lpad(to_char("12"), 9, "0") into v_external_id from SYS.DUAL;
 30    exception
 31      when OTHERS then
 32        raise_application_error(-20003, SQLERRM||" on select 12"||" in filename insert.sql");
 33    end;
 34
 35    begin
 36      insert into employee (
 37             id,
 38             employee_type_id,
 39             external_id,
 40             first_name,
 41             middle_name,
 42             last_name,
 43             name,
 44             birth_date,
 45             gender_id )
 46      values (
 47             n_id,
 48             n_employee_type_id,
 49             v_external_id,
 50             "JOHN",
 51             "J.",
 52             "DOE",
 53             "AAA J.",
 54             to_date("19800101", "YYYYMMDD"),
 55             n_gender_id );
 56
 57      n_count := sql%rowcount;
 58    exception
 59      when OTHERS then
 60        raise_application_error(-20005, SQLERRM||" on insert employee"||" in filename insert.sql");
 61    end;
 62
 63    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(to_char(n_count)||" row(s) inserted.");
 64  end;
 65  /
1 row(s) inserted.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table gender;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table employee;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table employee_type;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>


Insert value to product and productcategory with stored procedure

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE Product (
  2  ProductID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  3  Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  4  Description VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
  5  Price NUMBER NULL,
  6  ImagePath VARCHAR(50) NULL,
  7  soldout NUMBER(1,0) NULL,
  8  Promotion NUMBER(1,0) NULL);
SQL>
SQL> CREATE SEQUENCE ProductIDSeq;
SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ProductAutonumberTrigger
  2  BEFORE INSERT ON Product
  3  FOR EACH ROW
  4  BEGIN
  5     SELECT ProductIDSeq.NEXTVAL
  6     INTO :NEW.ProductID FROM DUAL;
  7  END;
  8  /
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("Pen", "Ball Pen",5.99, "pen.jpg", 1, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("Ruler", "Long",14.99, "ruler.jpg", 0, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("Desk", "Computer Desk",5.99, "desk.jpg", 0, 1);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("PC", "Notebook",49.99, "pc.jpg", 0, 1);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("Mouse", "Wireless",9.99, "mouse.jpg",  1, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
  2  VALUES ("Keyboard", "keyboard",3.75, "keyboard.jpg", 0, 0);
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE ProductCategory (
  2  ProductID INT NOT NULL,
  3  CategoryID INT NOT NULL,
  4  PRIMARY KEY (ProductID, CategoryID)
  5  );
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (1,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (2,1);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (2,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (3,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (4,1);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (5,2);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (6,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (6,4);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (7,4);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (8,5);
SQL>
SQL> CREATE PROCEDURE CreateProductToCategory
  2  (CategoryID integer,
  3   ProductName IN varchar2,
  4   ProductDescription IN varchar2)
  5  AS
  6  BEGIN
  7    INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description)
  8    VALUES (ProductName, ProductDescription);
  9
 10    INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID)
 11    VALUES (ProductID.CurrVal, CategoryID);
 12  END;
 13  /

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop sequence ProductIDSeq;
SQL> drop table product;
SQL> drop table ProductCategory;


Use Declared variables in SQL statements

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL primary key,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_City VARCHAR2(10) := "AAA";
  3    v_FirstName VARCHAR2(10) := "Scott";
  4    v_LastName VARCHAR2(10) := "Urman";
  5  BEGIN
  6    UPDATE employee
  7      SET city = v_City
  8      WHERE first_name = v_FirstName
  9      AND last_name = v_LastName;
 10
 11    IF SQL%NOTFOUND THEN
 12      INSERT INTO employee (ID, first_name, last_name, city)
 13        VALUES ("99", v_FirstName, v_LastName, v_city);
 14    END IF;
 15  END;
 16  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
99   Scott                Urman                                               AAA
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.


Use LOOP to insert data to a table with loop counter variable

SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL primary key,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
no rows selected
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_LoopCounter BINARY_INTEGER := 1;
  3  BEGIN
  4    LOOP
  5      INSERT INTO employee (id)
  6        VALUES (v_LoopCounter);
  7      v_LoopCounter := v_LoopCounter + 1;
  8      EXIT WHEN v_LoopCounter > 50;
  9    END LOOP;
 10  END;
 11  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
50 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.


Use PL/SQL to insert data to table

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE department (
  2  dept_id           INTEGER,
  3  dept_name     VARCHAR2(32));
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
  2  INSERT into department (dept_id, dept_name)values (1,"dept_name");
  3  END;
  4  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from department;

   DEPT_ID DEPT_NAME
---------- --------------------------------
         1 dept_name
SQL> drop table department;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>


Use PL/SQL variables with insert statement

SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL primary key,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE Or Replace PROCEDURE AddNewRow AS
  2
  3    v_Department       CHAR(3)  := "99";
  4    v_salary           NUMBER(3) := 203;
  5    v_Description      VARCHAR2(20) := "DEVE";
  6  BEGIN
  7    INSERT INTO employee (id, salary, description)
  8                   VALUES (v_Department, v_salary, v_Description);
  9  END;
 10  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call addnewRow();
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
99                                                                        203            DEVE
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.