Oracle PL/SQL/Date Timezone/Timestamp — различия между версиями

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Текущая версия на 10:01, 26 мая 2010

Cast string to TIMESTAMP

 
SQL>
SQL> create table MyTable (
  2      title   varchar2(100),
  3      phone   varchar2(20),
  4      place   varchar2(100),
  5      starts  timestamp with time zone);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Sales", "999.123.4567", "Washington",TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 EST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Product", "000.123.4567", "San Francisco",TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 17:00:00.000000 PST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Highlights", "111 1234 5678", "London", TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 20:00:00.000000 GMT");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select dbtimezone from dual;
DBTIME
------
+00:00
SQL>
SQL> select title, phone
  2  from MyTable
  3  where starts = TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 -5:00";
TITLE                                                                                                PHONE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------
Sales                                                                                                999.123.4567
Highlights                                                                                           111 1234 5678
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table MyTable;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>



Compare data and timestamp

SQL> -- use timestamp
SQL>
SQL> create table company_events (
  2        event_name         varchar2( 100 ),
  3        event_date         date,
  4        event_timestamp    timestamp )
  5      /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into company_events ( event_name, event_date, event_timestamp )
  2                      values ( "Name 1", sysdate, sysdate )
  3      /
1 row created.
SQL> column event_name      format a28
SQL> column event_date      format a18
SQL> column event_timestamp format a28
SQL>
SQL> select event_name, to_char(event_date, "DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS") event_date,
  2         event_timestamp
  3        from company_events
  4      /
EVENT_NAME                   EVENT_DATE         EVENT_TIMESTAMP
---------------------------- ------------------ ----------------------------
Name 1                       09-SEP-06 16:12:40 09-SEP-06 04.12.40.000000 PM
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table company_events;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Create a table with two columns: "timestamp with time zone", "c2 timestamp with local time zone"

 
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table t
  2  (c1 timestamp with time zone,
  3   c2 timestamp with local time zone)
  4  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into t (c1,c2)values( current_timestamp, current_timestamp );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
C1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16-JUN-08 07.01.25.376000 PM -06:00
16-JUN-08 07.01.25.376000 PM

1 row selected.
SQL>
SQL> alter session set time_zone = "-08:00";
Session altered.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
C1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
16-JUN-08 07.01.25.376000 PM -06:00
16-JUN-08 05.01.25.376000 PM

1 row selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table t;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> --



INSERT statement adds a row with the TIMESTAMP keyword to supply a datetime literals

SQL>
SQL> -- INSERT statement adds a row with the TIMESTAMP keyword to supply a datetime literals
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE purchases_with_timestamp (
  2    product_id INTEGER,
  3    customer_id INTEGER,
  4    made_on TIMESTAMP(4)
  5  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO purchases_with_timestamp ( product_id, customer_id, made_on )
  2                                VALUES ( 1,          1,           TIMESTAMP "2005-05-13 07:15:31.1234");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from purchases_with_timestamp;
PRODUCT_ID CUSTOMER_ID MADE_ON
---------- ----------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1           1 13-MAY-05 07.15.31.1234 AM
SQL>
SQL> drop table purchases_with_timestamp;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



TIMESTAMP(4) WITH TIME ZONE

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE purchases_timestamp_with_tz (
  2    product_id INTEGER,
  3    customer_id INTEGER,
  4    made_on TIMESTAMP(4) WITH TIME ZONE
  5  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO purchases_timestamp_with_tz (product_id, customer_id, made_on)
  2                                   VALUES (1, 1, TIMESTAMP "2005-05-13 07:15:31.1234 -07:00");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO purchases_timestamp_with_tz (product_id, customer_id, made_on)
  2                                   VALUES (1, 2, TIMESTAMP "2005-05-13 07:15:31.1234 PST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM purchases_timestamp_with_tz;
PRODUCT_ID CUSTOMER_ID MADE_ON
---------- ----------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1           1 13-MAY-05 07.15.31.1234 AM -07:00
         1           2 13-MAY-05 07.15.31.1234 AM PST
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table purchases_timestamp_with_tz;
Table dropped.
SQL>



TIMESTAMP specifies a precision for the SECONDS field in a TIMESTAMP column (the DATE data type can only store whole seconds).

 
SQL>
SQL> create table other_MyTable (
  2        event_name         varchar2( 100 ),
  3        event_date         date,
  4        event_timestamp timestamp );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into other_MyTable( event_name, event_date, event_timestamp ) values( "A", sysdate, sysdate );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> column event_name      format a28
SQL> column event_date      format a18
SQL> column event_timestamp format a28
SQL>
SQL> select event_name, to_char(event_date, "DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS") event_date, event_timestamp
  2  from other_MyTable;
EVENT_NAME                   EVENT_DATE         EVENT_TIMESTAMP
---------------------------- ------------------ ----------------------------
A                            10-JUN-08 17:06:23 10-JUN-08 05.06.23.000000 PM
SQL>
SQL> drop table other_MyTable;
Table dropped.



TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE

 
SQL>
SQL> create table MyTable (
  2        title   varchar2(100),
  3        phone   varchar2(20),
  4        place   varchar2(100),
  5        starts  timestamp with local time zone);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2      values ("Sales Strategy", "212.123.4567", "New York",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 EST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2      values ("Product Features", "650.123.4567", "San Francisco",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 17:00:00.000000 PST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2      values ("Football Highlights", "44 1234 5678", "London",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 20:00:00.000000 GMT");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> alter session set time_zone = "-05:00";
Session altered.
SQL>
SQL> column title format a25
SQL> column starts format a30
SQL> select title, starts from MyTable;
TITLE                     STARTS
------------------------- ------------------------------
Sales Strategy            01-DEC-01 03.00.00.000000 PM
Product Features          01-DEC-01 08.00.00.000000 PM
Football Highlights       01-DEC-01 03.00.00.000000 PM
SQL>
SQL> alter session set time_zone = "GMT";
Session altered.
SQL>
SQL> select title, starts from MyTable;
TITLE                     STARTS
------------------------- ------------------------------
Sales Strategy            01-DEC-01 08.00.00.000000 PM
Product Features          02-DEC-01 01.00.00.000000 AM
Football Highlights       01-DEC-01 08.00.00.000000 PM
SQL>
SQL> drop table MyTable;
Table dropped.
SQL>



TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE type extends TIMESTAMP to allow you to store a time zone

SQL>
SQL> --TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE type extends TIMESTAMP to allow you to store a time zone.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE purchases_timestamp_with_tz (
  2    product_id INTEGER,
  3    customer_id INTEGER,
  4    made_on TIMESTAMP(4) WITH TIME ZONE
  5  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> desc purchases_timestamp_with_tz;
 Name                                                                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------
 PRODUCT_ID                                                                                             NUMBER(38)
 CUSTOMER_ID                                                                                            NUMBER(38)
 MADE_ON                                                                                                TIMESTAMP(4) WITH TIME ZONE
SQL>
SQL> drop table purchases_timestamp_with_tz;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Use the Timestamp data type in a table and insert data

SQL>  create table conference_calls (
  2        title   varchar2(100),
  3        phone   varchar2(20),
  4        place   varchar2(100),
  5        starts  timestamp with time zone)
  6    /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>  insert into conference_calls (title, phone, place, starts)
  2      values ("Sales Strategy", "212.123.4567", "Washington",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 EST")
  4      /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into conference_calls (title, phone, place, starts)
  2   values ("Product Features", "650.123.4567", "San Francisco",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 17:00:00.000000 PST")
  4    /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into conference_calls (title, phone, place, starts)
  2      values ("Football Highlights", "44 1234 5678", "London",
  3              TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 20:00:00.000000 GMT")
  4    /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select * from conference_calls;
TITLE                                                                                                PHONE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------
PLACE                                                                                                STARTS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sales Strategy                                                                                       212.123.4567
Washington                                                                                           01-DEC-01 03.00.00.000000 PM EST
Product Features                                                                                     650.123.4567
San Francisco                                                                                        01-DEC-01 05.00.00.000000 PM PST
Football Highlights                                                                                  44 1234 5678
London                                                                                               01-DEC-01 08.00.00.000000 PM GMT

SQL>
SQL> select title, phone
  2        from conference_calls
  3        where starts = TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 -5:00"
  4    /
TITLE                                                                                                PHONE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------
Sales Strategy                                                                                       212.123.4567
Football Highlights                                                                                  44 1234 5678
SQL>
SQL> drop table conference_calls;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Use the TIMESTAMP type to define a column in a table

SQL> -- Use the TIMESTAMP type to define a column in a table
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE purchases_with_timestamp (
  2    product_id INTEGER ,
  3    customer_id INTEGER ,
  4    made_on TIMESTAMP(4)
  5  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> desc purchases_with_timestamp;
 Name                                                                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------
 PRODUCT_ID                                                                                             NUMBER(38)
 CUSTOMER_ID                                                                                            NUMBER(38)
 MADE_ON                                                                                                TIMESTAMP(4)
SQL>
SQL> drop table purchases_with_timestamp;



Use timestamp as table column type and insert sysdate to it

 
SQL>
SQL> create table events (
  2        event_name         varchar2( 100 ),
  3        event_date         date,
  4        event_timestamp timestamp )
  5      /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into events ( event_name, event_date, event_timestamp )
  2             values  ( "COMPANY_EVENTS table", sysdate, sysdate );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> column event_name      format a28
SQL> column event_date      format a18
SQL> column event_timestamp format a28
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select event_name, to_char(event_date, "DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS") event_date,event_timestamp
  2  from events;
EVENT_NAME                   EVENT_DATE         EVENT_TIMESTAMP
---------------------------- ------------------ ----------------------------
COMPANY_EVENTS table         10-JUN-08 21:03:00 10-JUN-08 09.03.00.000000 PM
SQL>
SQL> drop table events;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>



Use TIMESTAMP to mark string in insert statement

 
SQL>
SQL> create table MyTable (
  2      title   varchar2(100),
  3      phone   varchar2(20),
  4      place   varchar2(100),
  5      starts  timestamp with time zone);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Sales", "999.123.4567", "Washington",TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 EST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Product", "000.123.4567", "San Francisco",TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 17:00:00.000000 PST");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into MyTable (title, phone, place, starts)
  2  values ("Highlights", "111 1234 5678", "London", TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 20:00:00.000000 GMT");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select dbtimezone from dual;
DBTIME
------
+00:00
SQL>
SQL> select title, phone
  2  from MyTable
  3  where starts = TIMESTAMP "2001-12-01 15:00:00.000000 -5:00";
TITLE                     PHONE
------------------------- --------------------
Sales                     999.123.4567
Highlights                111 1234 5678
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table MyTable;
Table dropped.