Oracle PL/SQL/PL SQL/Console Prompt Read

A single query can contain multiple runtime variables

CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
                  ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
                  JOB VARCHAR2(9),
                  MGR NUMBER(4),
                  HIREDATE DATE,
                  SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
                  COMM NUMBER(7, 2),
                  DEPTNO NUMBER(2));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369, "SMITH", "CLERK",    7902, TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521, "WARD",  "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566, "JONES", "MANAGER",  7839, TO_DATE("2-APR-1981",  "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10);


-- A single query can contain multiple runtime variables. Consider the execution the following 
-- statements:
SET VERIFY OFF
SELECT &empno, job
    FROM emp
    WHERE job ="&job";
drop table emp;

Dealing with repeating values: using double ampersands

CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
                  ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
                  JOB VARCHAR2(9),
                  MGR NUMBER(4),
                  HIREDATE DATE,
                  SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
                  COMM NUMBER(7, 2),
                  DEPTNO NUMBER(2));
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369, "SMITH", "CLERK",    7902, TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521, "WARD",  "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566, "JONES", "MANAGER",  7839, TO_DATE("2-APR-1981",  "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10);
CREATE TABLE DEPT (DEPTNO NUMBER(2),DNAME VARCHAR2(14),LOC VARCHAR2(13) );
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10, "ACCOUNTING", "NEW YORK");
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20, "RESEARCH", "DALLAS");
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (30, "SALES", "CHICAGO");
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (40, "OPERATIONS", "BOSTON");
-- Dealing with repeating values: using double ampersands (&&)
SELECT &Colx, &Coly
    FROM Emp
    WHERE &Colx > &cond
    ORDER BY &Colx;
SELECT &&Colx, &Coly
    FROM Emp
    WHERE &&Colx > &cond
    ORDER BY &Colx;

drop table dept;
drop table emp;

Read data from user and insert them to table

--Creating the employee table.  
CREATE TABLE employee   
(emp_id           INTEGER,  
 emp_name      VARCHAR2(32),    
 supervised_by      INTEGER,    
 pay_rate               NUMBER(9,2),    
 pay_type              CHAR,    
 emp_dept_id                 INTEGER);  
        
ALTER TABLE employee    
ADD CONSTRAINT pk_emp primary key (emp_id);
insert into employee values (1,"Jack Chen",3,100.50, H, 3);
insert into employee values (2,"Jason Lee",1,300.50, H, 3);
insert into employee values (3,"Ala Wang",5,200.50, H, 3);
-- Creating the department table. 
CREATE TABLE department 
(dept_id           INTEGER,  
 dept_name     VARCHAR2(32));    
        
ALTER TABLE department  
    ADD CONSTRAINT PRIMARY KEY (dept_id);

insert into department values (1,"Computer");
insert into department values (2,"Publish");
insert into department values (3,"Management");

-- Creating the emp_dept table.   
CREATE TABLE emp_dept
(emp_id           INTEGER,   
 dept_id            INTEGER, 
 CONSTRAINT unq_1 unique (emp_id, dept_id));
insert into emp_dept values(1,3);
insert into emp_dept values(2,3);
insert into emp_dept values(3,3);
select * from employee;
select * from department;
select * from emp_dept;

-- Inserting records with PL/SQL code.    
DECLARE               
    i_dept_id  INTEGER, 
    i_dept_name,    
BEGIN   
    INSERT into department values (&i_dept_id,"&dept_name");  
END;    
        
COMMIT;               
        
DECLARE             
    i_id   INTEGER; 
    e_id  INTEGER;  
    i_name  VARCHAR2(32);   
    i_super  INTEGER;   
    i_rate    NUMBER(9,2);  
    i_type   CHAR;  
    i_emp_dept INTEGER; 
    e_emp_dept INTEGER; 
BEGIN   
    e_id:=12; 
    e_emp_dept:=12;    
        
    INSERT into employee values (e_id, "&i_name",&i_super,&i_rate,"&i_type",e_emp_dept);    
END;    
/

select * from employee;
select * from department;
select * from emp_dept;

drop table employee;
drop table department;
drop table emp_dept;

Read user input

set echo on;
set verify off;
set define "&";
prompt "Input degree (numerically in degrees F)?:";
/
accept temp default "100";
/
declare
  too_hot  exception;
  too_cold exception;
begin
  case
    when "&temp" < 90.00 then raise too_cold;
    when "&temp" > 140.00 then raise too_hot;
    else null;
  end case;
  dbms_output.put_line("The temperature is just right");
exception
  when VALUE_ERROR then
    dbms_output.put_line("Please enter a numeric temperature (like 100)");
  when too_hot then
    dbms_output.put_line("The porridge is way too hot...");
  when too_cold then
    dbms_output.put_line("The porridge is way too cold...");
end;
/