MySQL Tutorial/Select Query/HAVING — различия между версиями
Admin (обсуждение | вклад) м (1 версия) |
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Текущая версия на 09:50, 26 мая 2010
Filter with HAVING clause
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> CREATE TABLE Topic(
-> TopicID SMALLINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
-> Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
-> InStock SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
-> OnOrder SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
-> Reserved SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
-> Department ENUM("Classical", "Popular") NOT NULL,
-> Category VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
-> RowUpdate TIMESTAMP NOT NULL
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> INSERT INTO Topic (Name, InStock, OnOrder, Reserved, Department, Category) VALUES
-> ("Java", 10, 5, 3, "Popular", "Rock"),
-> ("JavaScript", 10, 5, 3, "Classical", "Opera"),
-> ("C Sharp", 17, 4, 1, "Popular", "Jazz"),
-> ("C", 9, 4, 2, "Classical", "Dance"),
-> ("C++", 24, 2, 5, "Classical", "General"),
-> ("Perl", 16, 6, 8, "Classical", "Vocal"),
-> ("Python", 2, 25, 6, "Popular", "Blues"),
-> ("Php", 32, 3, 10, "Popular", "Jazz"),
-> ("ASP.net", 12, 15, 13, "Popular", "Country"),
-> ("VB.net", 5, 20, 10, "Popular", "New Age"),
-> ("VC.net", 24, 11, 14, "Popular", "New Age"),
-> ("UML", 42, 17, 17, "Classical", "General"),
-> ("www.sqle.ru",25, 44, 28, "Classical", "Dance"),
-> ("Oracle", 32, 15, 12, "Classical", "General"),
-> ("Pl/SQL", 20, 10, 5, "Classical", "Opera"),
-> ("Sql Server", 23, 12, 8, "Classical", "General");
Query OK, 16 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 16 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> select * from Topic;
+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+
| TopicID | Name | InStock | OnOrder | Reserved | Department | Category | RowUpdate |
+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+
| 1 | Java | 10 | 5 | 3 | Popular | Rock | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 2 | JavaScript | 10 | 5 | 3 | Classical | Opera | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 3 | C Sharp | 17 | 4 | 1 | Popular | Jazz | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 4 | C | 9 | 4 | 2 | Classical | Dance | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 5 | C++ | 24 | 2 | 5 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 6 | Perl | 16 | 6 | 8 | Classical | Vocal | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 7 | Python | 2 | 25 | 6 | Popular | Blues | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 8 | Php | 32 | 3 | 10 | Popular | Jazz | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 9 | ASP.net | 12 | 15 | 13 | Popular | Country | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 10 | VB.net | 5 | 20 | 10 | Popular | New Age | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 11 | VC.net | 24 | 11 | 14 | Popular | New Age | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 12 | UML | 42 | 17 | 17 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 13 | www.sqle.ru | 25 | 44 | 28 | Classical | Dance | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 14 | Oracle | 32 | 15 | 12 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 15 | Pl/SQL | 20 | 10 | 5 | Classical | Opera | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
| 16 | Sql Server | 23 | 12 | 8 | Classical | General | 2007-07-23 19:09:43 |
+---------+----------------+---------+---------+----------+------------+----------+---------------------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> SELECT Category, COUNT(*) AS Total
-> FROM Topic
-> WHERE Department="Popular"
-> GROUP BY Category
-> HAVING Total<3;
+----------+-------+
| Category | Total |
+----------+-------+
| Blues | 1 |
| Country | 1 |
| Jazz | 2 |
| New Age | 2 |
| Rock | 1 |
+----------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> drop table Topic;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
The HAVING condition is just another WHERE condition that acts as a "secondary constraint" on the result set
The HAVING condition works best when you are trying to apply a restrictive condition after a grouping has taken place.
mysql>
mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int,
-> first_name VARCHAR(15),
-> last_name VARCHAR(15),
-> start_date DATE,
-> end_date DATE,
-> salary FLOAT(8,2),
-> city VARCHAR(10),
-> description VARCHAR(15)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> select * from Employee;
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer |
| 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager |
| 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester |
| 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager |
| 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> SELECT * FROM employee
-> GROUP BY first_name
-> HAVING first_name LIKE "%a%";
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager |
| 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager |
| 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer |
| 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> drop table Employee;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
Using Group and Having clause with table join
mysql>
mysql> CREATE TABLE Employee(
-> id int,
-> first_name VARCHAR(15),
-> last_name VARCHAR(15),
-> start_date DATE,
-> end_date DATE,
-> salary FLOAT(8,2),
-> city VARCHAR(10),
-> description VARCHAR(15)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql> create table job (
-> id int,
-> title VARCHAR(20)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values (1,"Jason", "Martin", "19960725", "20060725", 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(2,"Alison", "Mathews", "19760321", "19860221", 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(3,"James", "Smith", "19781212", "19900315", 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(4,"Celia", "Rice", "19821024", "19990421", 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(5,"Robert", "Black", "19840115", "19980808", 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(6,"Linda", "Green", "19870730", "19960104", 4322.78,"New York", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(7,"David", "Larry", "19901231", "19980212", 7897.78,"New York", "Manager");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into Employee(id,first_name, last_name, start_date, end_Date, salary, City, Description)
-> values(8,"James", "Cat", "19960917", "20020415", 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (1,"Tester");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (2,"Accountant");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (3,"Developer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (4,"Coder");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (5,"Director");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (6,"Mediator");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (7,"Proffessor");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (8,"Programmer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into job (id, title) values (9,"Developer");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> select * from job;
+------+------------+
| id | title |
+------+------------+
| 1 | Tester |
| 2 | Accountant |
| 3 | Developer |
| 4 | Coder |
| 5 | Director |
| 6 | Mediator |
| 7 | Proffessor |
| 8 | Programmer |
| 9 | Developer |
+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from Employee;
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| id | first_name | last_name | start_date | end_date | salary | city | description |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
| 1 | Jason | Martin | 1996-07-25 | 2006-07-25 | 1234.56 | Toronto | Programmer |
| 2 | Alison | Mathews | 1976-03-21 | 1986-02-21 | 6661.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 3 | James | Smith | 1978-12-12 | 1990-03-15 | 6544.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 4 | Celia | Rice | 1982-10-24 | 1999-04-21 | 2344.78 | Vancouver | Manager |
| 5 | Robert | Black | 1984-01-15 | 1998-08-08 | 2334.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
| 6 | Linda | Green | 1987-07-30 | 1996-01-04 | 4322.78 | New York | Tester |
| 7 | David | Larry | 1990-12-31 | 1998-02-12 | 7897.78 | New York | Manager |
| 8 | James | Cat | 1996-09-17 | 2002-04-15 | 1232.78 | Vancouver | Tester |
+------+------------+-----------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+-------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> SELECT employee.id,COUNT(*)
-> FROM employee JOIN job
-> GROUP BY employee.id
-> HAVING COUNT(*) > 0
-> ORDER BY COUNT(*) desc;
+------+----------+
| id | COUNT(*) |
+------+----------+
| 7 | 9 |
| 8 | 9 |
| 1 | 9 |
| 2 | 9 |
| 3 | 9 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 5 | 9 |
| 6 | 9 |
+------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> drop table job;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> drop table Employee;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>