Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial/PL SQL Programming/Insert — различия между версиями
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Текущая версия на 10:08, 26 мая 2010
Содержание
- 1 Add a row to the classes table, using the values of the variables
- 2 A Safe INSERT Statement
- 3 How INSERTs work with PL/SQL
- 4 Insert by Using RECORD Type Variable
- 5 Insert data in PL/SQL block
- 6 Insert values using PL/SQL literals and variables
- 7 Insert value to product and productcategory with stored procedure
- 8 Use Declared variables in SQL statements
- 9 Use LOOP to insert data to a table with loop counter variable
- 10 Use PL/SQL to insert data to table
- 11 Use PL/SQL variables with insert statement
Add a row to the classes table, using the values of the variables
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL primary key,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_Department CHAR(3) := "99";
3 v_salary NUMBER(3) := 203;
4 v_Description VARCHAR2(20) := "DEVE";
5 BEGIN
6 INSERT INTO employee (id, salary, description)
7 VALUES (v_Department, v_salary, v_Description);
8 END;
9 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
99 203 DEVE
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
A Safe INSERT Statement
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure p_create(i_deptNo VARCHAR, i_dName VARCHAR2, i_loc VARCHAR2) is
2 begin
3 if length(i_dName)>10 then
4 raise_application_error (-20999,"First name is too long");
5 end if;
6 insert into employee (id, first_Name, city) values (i_deptNo, i_dName, i_loc);
7 end;
8 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call p_create ("01","new","new");
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
01 new new
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
How INSERTs work with PL/SQL
SQL> CREATE TABLE authors (
2 id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
3 first_name VARCHAR2(50),
4 last_name VARCHAR2(50)
5 );
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
2 VALUES (1, "Marlene", "Theriault");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
2 VALUES (2, "Rachel", "Carmichael");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO authors (id, first_name, last_name)
2 VALUES (3, "James", "Viscusi");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE books (
2 isbn CHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,
3 category VARCHAR2(20),
4 title VARCHAR2(100),
5 num_pages NUMBER,
6 price NUMBER,
7 copyright NUMBER(4),
8 author1 NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author1
9 REFERENCES authors(id),
10 author2 NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author2
11 REFERENCES authors(id),
12 author3 NUMBER CONSTRAINT books_author3
13 REFERENCES authors(id)
14 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO books (isbn, category, title, num_pages, price, copyright, author1, author2, author3)
2 VALUES ("72121203", "Oracle Basics", "Oracle DBA 101", 563, 39.99, 1999, 1, 2, 3);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO books (isbn, category, title, num_pages, price, copyright, author1, author2)
2 VALUES ("72122048", "Oracle Basics", "Oracle8i: A Beginner""s Guide", 765, 44.99, 1999, 1, 2);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON ESCAPE OFF
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2
3 v_isbn BOOKS.ISBN%TYPE := "12345678";
4 v_category BOOKS.CATEGORY%TYPE := "Oracle Server";
5 v_title BOOKS.TITLE%TYPE := "Oracle Information Retrieval";
6
7 BEGIN
8
9 INSERT INTO books (ISBN,CATEGORY,TITLE,NUM_PAGES,PRICE,
10 COPYRIGHT,AUTHOR1)
11 VALUES (v_isbn, v_category, v_title, 450, 39.95,
12 2005, 2);
13
14 COMMIT;
15
16 EXCEPTION
17 WHEN OTHERS
18 THEN
19 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
20 ROLLBACK;
21 END;
22 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> drop table books;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table authors;
Table dropped.
Insert by Using RECORD Type Variable
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE)
5 )
6 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure p_create(i_deptNo VARCHAR, i_dName VARCHAR2, i_loc VARCHAR2) is
2 v_row employee%ROWTYPE;
3 begin
4 if length(i_dName)>10 then
5 raise_application_error(-20999,"first name is too long");
6 end if;
7
8 v_row.id:=i_deptNo;
9 v_row.first_Name:=i_dName;
10 v_row.city:=i_loc;
11
12 insert into employee values v_row;
13 end;
14 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call p_create ("01","new","new");
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME CITY
---- ---------- ----------
01 new new
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
Insert data in PL/SQL block
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 quant NUMBER := 20;
3 BEGIN
4 INSERT INTO employee (salary)
5 VALUES (quant);
6 IF (SQL%NOTFOUND)
7 THEN
8 dbms_output.put_line("Insert error?!");
9 END IF;
10 END;
11 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SELECT * FROM employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
20
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
Insert values using PL/SQL literals and variables
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table employee (
2 id number,
3 employee_type_id number,
4 external_id varchar2(30),
5 first_name varchar2(30),
6 middle_name varchar2(30),
7 last_name varchar2(30),
8 name varchar2(100),
9 birth_date date,
10 gender_id number);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table gender (
2 id number not null,
3 code varchar2(30) not null,
4 description varchar2(80) not null,
5 active_date date default SYSDATE not null,
6 inactive_date date );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 1, "F", "Female" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 2, "M", "Male" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gender ( id, code, description ) values ( 3, "U", "Unknown" );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> create table employee_type (
2 id number not null,
3 code varchar2(30) not null,
4 description varchar2(80) not null,
5 active_date date default SYSDATE not null,
6 inactive_date date );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(1,"C","Contractor" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(2,"E","Employee" );
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employee_type(id,code,description)values(3,"U","Unknown" );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> set serveroutput on size 1000000;
SQL>
SQL> declare
2 n_id employee.id%TYPE;
3 n_employee_type_id employee.employee_type_id%TYPE;
4 v_external_id employee.external_id%TYPE;
5 n_gender_id employee.gender_id%TYPE;
6 n_count number;
7 begin
8 begin
9 select id into n_employee_type_id from employee_type where code = "C";
10 exception
11 when OTHERS then
12 raise_application_error(-20002, SQLERRM||" on select employee_type"||" in filename insert.sql");
13 end;
14 begin
15 select id into n_gender_id from gender where code = "M";
16 exception
17 when OTHERS then
18 raise_application_error(-20004, SQLERRM||" on select gender"||" in filename insert.sql");
19 end;
20
21 begin
22 select 12 into n_id from SYS.DUAL;
23 exception
24 when OTHERS then
25 raise_application_error(-20001, SQLERRM||" on select 12"||" in filename insert.sql");
26 end;
27
28 begin
29 select lpad(to_char("12"), 9, "0") into v_external_id from SYS.DUAL;
30 exception
31 when OTHERS then
32 raise_application_error(-20003, SQLERRM||" on select 12"||" in filename insert.sql");
33 end;
34
35 begin
36 insert into employee (
37 id,
38 employee_type_id,
39 external_id,
40 first_name,
41 middle_name,
42 last_name,
43 name,
44 birth_date,
45 gender_id )
46 values (
47 n_id,
48 n_employee_type_id,
49 v_external_id,
50 "JOHN",
51 "J.",
52 "DOE",
53 "AAA J.",
54 to_date("19800101", "YYYYMMDD"),
55 n_gender_id );
56
57 n_count := sql%rowcount;
58 exception
59 when OTHERS then
60 raise_application_error(-20005, SQLERRM||" on insert employee"||" in filename insert.sql");
61 end;
62
63 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(to_char(n_count)||" row(s) inserted.");
64 end;
65 /
1 row(s) inserted.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table gender;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table employee;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table employee_type;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
Insert value to product and productcategory with stored procedure
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE Product (
2 ProductID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
3 Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
4 Description VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
5 Price NUMBER NULL,
6 ImagePath VARCHAR(50) NULL,
7 soldout NUMBER(1,0) NULL,
8 Promotion NUMBER(1,0) NULL);
SQL>
SQL> CREATE SEQUENCE ProductIDSeq;
SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ProductAutonumberTrigger
2 BEFORE INSERT ON Product
3 FOR EACH ROW
4 BEGIN
5 SELECT ProductIDSeq.NEXTVAL
6 INTO :NEW.ProductID FROM DUAL;
7 END;
8 /
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("Pen", "Ball Pen",5.99, "pen.jpg", 1, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("Ruler", "Long",14.99, "ruler.jpg", 0, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("Desk", "Computer Desk",5.99, "desk.jpg", 0, 1);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("PC", "Notebook",49.99, "pc.jpg", 0, 1);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("Mouse", "Wireless",9.99, "mouse.jpg", 1, 0);
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description, Price, ImagePath, soldout, Promotion)
2 VALUES ("Keyboard", "keyboard",3.75, "keyboard.jpg", 0, 0);
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE ProductCategory (
2 ProductID INT NOT NULL,
3 CategoryID INT NOT NULL,
4 PRIMARY KEY (ProductID, CategoryID)
5 );
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (1,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (2,1);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (2,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (3,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (4,1);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (5,2);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (6,3);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (6,4);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (7,4);
SQL> INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID) VALUES (8,5);
SQL>
SQL> CREATE PROCEDURE CreateProductToCategory
2 (CategoryID integer,
3 ProductName IN varchar2,
4 ProductDescription IN varchar2)
5 AS
6 BEGIN
7 INSERT INTO Product (Name, Description)
8 VALUES (ProductName, ProductDescription);
9
10 INSERT INTO ProductCategory (ProductID, CategoryID)
11 VALUES (ProductID.CurrVal, CategoryID);
12 END;
13 /
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop sequence ProductIDSeq;
SQL> drop table product;
SQL> drop table ProductCategory;
Use Declared variables in SQL statements
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL primary key,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_City VARCHAR2(10) := "AAA";
3 v_FirstName VARCHAR2(10) := "Scott";
4 v_LastName VARCHAR2(10) := "Urman";
5 BEGIN
6 UPDATE employee
7 SET city = v_City
8 WHERE first_name = v_FirstName
9 AND last_name = v_LastName;
10
11 IF SQL%NOTFOUND THEN
12 INSERT INTO employee (ID, first_name, last_name, city)
13 VALUES ("99", v_FirstName, v_LastName, v_city);
14 END IF;
15 END;
16 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
99 Scott Urman AAA
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
Use LOOP to insert data to a table with loop counter variable
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL primary key,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
no rows selected
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_LoopCounter BINARY_INTEGER := 1;
3 BEGIN
4 LOOP
5 INSERT INTO employee (id)
6 VALUES (v_LoopCounter);
7 v_LoopCounter := v_LoopCounter + 1;
8 EXIT WHEN v_LoopCounter > 50;
9 END LOOP;
10 END;
11 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
50 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
Use PL/SQL to insert data to table
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE department (
2 dept_id INTEGER,
3 dept_name VARCHAR2(32));
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
2 INSERT into department (dept_id, dept_name)values (1,"dept_name");
3 END;
4 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from department;
DEPT_ID DEPT_NAME
---------- --------------------------------
1 dept_name
SQL> drop table department;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
Use PL/SQL variables with insert statement
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL primary key,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE Or Replace PROCEDURE AddNewRow AS
2
3 v_Department CHAR(3) := "99";
4 v_salary NUMBER(3) := 203;
5 v_Description VARCHAR2(20) := "DEVE";
6 BEGIN
7 INSERT INTO employee (id, salary, description)
8 VALUES (v_Department, v_salary, v_Description);
9 END;
10 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> call addnewRow();
Call completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
99 203 DEVE
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.