Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial/Function Procedure Packages/transaction

Autonomous Insert or nonautomous insert

SQL> set echo on
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table t ( msg varchar2(25) );

SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure Autonomous_Insert
  2  as
  3          pragma autonomous_transaction;
  4  begin
  5          insert into t values ( "Autonomous Insert" );
  6          commit;
  7  end;
  8  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure NonAutonomous_Insert
  2  as
  3  begin
  4          insert into t values ( "NonAutonomous Insert" );
  5          commit;
  6  end;
  7  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
MSG
-------------------------
Anonymous
SQL>
SQL> begin
  2          insert into t values ( "Anonymous Block" );
  3          NonAutonomous_Insert;
  4          rollback;
  5  end;
  6  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
MSG
-------------------------
Anonymous
Anonymous Block
NonAutonomous Insert
SQL> delete from t;
3 rows deleted.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL>
SQL> begin
  2          insert into t values ( "Anonymous Block" );
  3          Autonomous_Insert;
  4          rollback;
  5  end;
  6  /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
MSG
-------------------------
Autonomous Insert
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table t;
Table dropped.
SQL>

Mark a save point in a procedure

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
  2                    ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
  3                    JOB VARCHAR2(9),
  4                    MGR NUMBER(4),
  5                    HIREDATE DATE,
  6                    SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
  7                    COMM NUMBER(7, 2),
  8                    DEPTNO NUMBER(2));
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369, "SMITH", "CLERK",    7902, TO_DATE("17-DEC-1980", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 800, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499, "ALLEN", "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521, "WARD",  "SALESMAN", 7698, TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566, "JONES", "MANAGER",  7839, TO_DATE("2-APR-1981",  "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654, "MARTIN", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698, "BLAKE", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782, "CLARK", "MANAGER", 7839,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788, "SCOTT", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839, "KING", "PRESIDENT", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844, "TURNER", "SALESMAN", 7698,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876, "ADAMS", "CLERK", 7788,TO_DATE("12-JAN-1983", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1100, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900, "JAMES", "CLERK", 7698,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 950, NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902, "FORD", "ANALYST", 7566,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934, "MILLER", "CLERK", 7782,TO_DATE("23-JAN-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1300, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure child
  2  as
  3          pragma autonomous_transaction;
  4          l_ename emp.ename%type;
  5  begin
  6
  7      update emp set ename = "y" where ename = "BLAKE";
  8      savepoint child_savepoint;
  9      update emp set ename = "z" where ename = "SMITH";
 10      rollback to child_savepoint;
 11      commit;
 12  end;
 13  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure parent
  2  as
  3          l_ename emp.ename%type;
  4  begin
  5      savepoint Parent_Savepoint;
  6      update emp set ename = "x" where ename = "KING";
  7      child;
  8      commit;
  9  end;
 10  /
Procedure created.
SQL> select ename from emp where ename in ( "x", "y", "z", "BLAKE", "SMITH", "KING" );
ENAME
----------
SMITH
BLAKE
KING
SQL>
SQL> exec parent
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select ename from emp where ename in ( "x", "y", "z", "BLAKE", "SMITH", "KING" );
ENAME
----------
SMITH
y
x
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table emp;
Table dropped.
SQL>

pragma AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION and lock

SQL>
SQL> create table t ( msg varchar2(25) );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure auto_proc
  2  as
  3      pragma AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;
  4      x number;
  5  begin
  6      insert into t values ("AutoProc");
  7      x := "a"; -- This will fail
  8      commit;
  9  end;
 10  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure Regular_Proc
  2  as
  3      x number;
  4  begin
  5      insert into t values ("RegularProc");
  6      x := "a";
  7      commit;
  8  end;
  9  /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL>
SQL> begin
  2      insert into t values ("Anonymous");
  3      auto_proc;
  4  exception
  5      when others then
  6          dbms_output.put_line( "Caught Error:" );
  7          dbms_output.put_line( sqlerrm );
  8          commit;
  9  end;
 10  /
Caught Error:
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character to number conversion error
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
MSG
-------------------------
Anonymous
SQL>
SQL> delete from t;
1 row deleted.
SQL>
SQL> begin
  2      insert into t values ("Anonymous");
  3      regular_proc;
  4  exception
  5      when others then
  6          dbms_output.put_line( "Caught Error:" );
  7          dbms_output.put_line( sqlerrm );
  8          commit;
  9  end;
 10  /
Caught Error:
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character to number conversion error
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> select * from t;
MSG
-------------------------
Anonymous
RegularProc
SQL> drop table t;
Table dropped.
SQL>

Procedure with "pragma autonomous_transaction"

SQL>
SQL> create global temporary table temp
  2  (  x int )
  3  on commit delete rows
  4  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure auto_proc1
  2  as
  3          pragma autonomous_transaction;
  4  begin
  5      insert into temp values ( 1 );
  6      commit;
  7  end;
  8  /
Procedure created.
SQL> create or replace procedure auto_proc2
  2  as
  3          pragma autonomous_transaction;
  4  begin
  5      for x in ( select * from temp )
  6      loop
  7          null;
  8      end loop;
  9      commit;
 10  end;
 11  /
Procedure created.
SQL> insert into temp values ( 2 );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> exec auto_proc1;
BEGIN auto_proc1; END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-14450: attempt to access a transactional temp table already in use
ORA-06512: at "sqle.AUTO_PROC1", line 5
ORA-06512: at line 1

SQL> exec auto_proc2;
BEGIN auto_proc2; END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-14450: attempt to access a transactional temp table already in use
ORA-06512: at "sqle.AUTO_PROC2", line 5
ORA-06512: at line 1

SQL>
SQL> drop table temp;
Table dropped.