Oracle PL/SQL Tutorial/Insert Update Delete/Insert — различия между версиями

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Текущая версия на 10:07, 26 мая 2010

Adding Multiple Rows to a Table

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE Student (
  2     StudentID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  3     Name      VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Student (StudentID,Name) VALUES (1,"Tom");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO Student (StudentID,Name) VALUES (2,"Jack");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO Student (StudentID,Name) VALUES (3,"Mary");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO Student (StudentID,Name) VALUES (4,"Bill");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO Student (StudentID,Name) VALUES (5,"Cat");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE Professor (
  2     ProfessorID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  3     Name        VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO Professor (ProfessorID, Name)
  2     SELECT StudentID + 7, Name
  3     FROM Student;
5 rows created.
SQL>
SQL> drop table Professor;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table Student;
Table dropped.


Adding Rows Using the INSERT Statement

INSERT statement adds rows to a table.

You can specify the following information in an INSERT statement:

  1. The table into which the row is to be inserted.
  2. A list of columns for which you want to specify column values.
  3. A list of values to store in the specified columns.
  4. When adding a row, you typically need to supply a value for the primary key and all other NOT NULL columns.
  5. You don"t have to specify values for NULL columns if you don"t want to, by default they will be set to null.
  6. You can find out which columns are defined as NOT NULL using the SQL*Plus DESCRIBE command.

The Syntax for the INSERT Command



INSERT into table_name  [column_name]  values (values)


Combine three tables with "insert into statement"

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE person (
  2       person_code VARCHAR2(3) PRIMARY KEY,
  3       first_name  VARCHAR2(15),
  4       last_name   VARCHAR2(20),
  5       hire_date   DATE
  6       );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO person VALUES ("CA", "Chase", "At", "01-FEB-02");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO person VALUES ("GA", "Gary", "Talor", "15-FEB-02");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO person VALUES ("BB", "Bob", "Bark", "28-FEB-02");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO person VALUES ("LB", "Laren", "Baby", "01-MAR-02");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO person VALUES ("LN", "Linda", "Norman", "01-JUN-03");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE product (
  2       product_name     VARCHAR2(25) PRIMARY KEY,
  3       product_price    NUMBER(4,2),
  4       quantity_on_hand NUMBER(5,0),
  5       last_stock_date  DATE
  6       );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE product_order (
  2       product_name  VARCHAR2(25),
  3       salesperson   VARCHAR2(3),
  4       order_date DATE,
  5       quantity      NUMBER(4,2)
  6       );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 1", "CA", "14-JUL-03", 1);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 2", "BB", "14-JUL-03", 75);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 3", "GA", "14-JUL-03", 2);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 4", "GA", "15-JUL-03", 8);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 5", "LB", "15-JUL-03", 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 6", "CA", "16-JUL-03", 5);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order VALUES ("Product 7", "CA", "17-JUL-03", 1);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 1", 99,  1,    "15-JAN-03");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 2", 75,  1000, "15-JAN-02");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 3", 50,  100,  "15-JAN-03");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 4", 25,  10000, null);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 5", 9.95,1234, "15-JAN-04");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO product VALUES ("Product 6", 45,  1,    TO_DATE("December 31, 2008, 11:30 P.M.","Month dd, YYYY, HH:MI P.M."));
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE product_order_log (
  2       order_date    DATE,
  3       product_name     VARCHAR2(25),
  4       product_price    NUMBER(4,2),
  5       quantity         NUMBER(4,2),
  6       sales_first_name VARCHAR2(15),
  7       sales_last_name  VARCHAR2(20)
  8       );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO product_order_log (
  2       SELECT purc.order_date,
  3              prod.product_name,
  4              prod.product_price,
  5              purc.quantity,
  6              pers.first_name,
  7              pers.last_name
  8       FROM   product  prod,
  9              person   pers,
 10              product_order purc
 11       WHERE  prod.product_name = purc.product_name
 12              AND
 13              pers.person_code = purc.salesperson
 14       );
6 rows created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM product_order_log;
ORDER_DAT PRODUCT_NAME              PRODUCT_PRICE   QUANTITY SALES_FIRST_NAM SALES_LAST_NAME
--------- ------------------------- ------------- ---------- --------------- --------------------
14-JUL-03 Product 1                            99          1 Chase           At
14-JUL-03 Product 2                            75         75 Bob             Bark
14-JUL-03 Product 3                            50          2 Gary            Talor
15-JUL-03 Product 4                            25          8 Gary            Talor
15-JUL-03 Product 5                          9.95         20 Laren           Baby
16-JUL-03 Product 6                            45          5 Chase           At
6 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table product_order_log;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table person;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table product;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table product_order;
Table dropped.


Conditional INSERT Statement

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE BookBorrow(
  2       member CHAR(5)
  3      ,book CHAR(5)
  4      ,dueDate DATE
  5  );
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO BookBorrow VALUES ("bb01","bk002",DATE "2005-03-22");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO BookBorrow VALUES ("bb01","bk002",DATE "2005-09-21");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO BookBorrow VALUES ("bb02","bk005",DATE "2005-09-21");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO BookBorrow(member,book,dueDate)VALUES ("bb01","bk002",CURRENT_DATE + INTERVAL "14" DAY );
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO BookBorrow(member,book,dueDate)VALUES ("bb02","bk005",CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL "1" DAY );
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE BookReturn(
  2       book  CHAR(5)
  3      ,member CHAR(5)
  4      ,returnDate DATE
  5      ,fine       DECIMAL(10,2)
  6  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE room(
  2       who   VARCHAR(20)
  3      ,wht   VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
  4      ,whn   DATE        NOT NULL
  5      ,PRIMARY KEY (whn,wht)
  6  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO BookReturn(book,member,returnDate,fine)
  2                 VALUES ("bb01","bk002",CURRENT_DATE,(SELECT 0.20 FROM BookBorrow
  3                                                      WHERE member="bb01" AND book="bk002"
  4                                                      HAVING MAX(dueDate) < CURRENT_DATE));
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO BookReturn(book,member,returnDate,fine)
  2                 VALUES ("bb02","bk005",CURRENT_DATE,(SELECT 0.20 FROM BookBorrow
  3                                                      WHERE member="bb02" AND book="bk005"
  4                                                      HAVING MAX(dueDate) < CURRENT_DATE));
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM BookReturn;

BOOK   MEMBE  RETURNDAT        FINE
-----  -----  ---------  ----------
bb01   bk002  26-OCT-09
bb02   bk005  26-OCT-09          .2

2 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO room(whn,wht,who)
  2    SELECT DATE "2006-07-13","Room 1","Prof. Plum"
  3      FROM dual
  4      WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT who FROM room
  5                         WHERE whn = DATE "2006-07-13"
  6                           AND wht="Room 1");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO room(whn,wht,who)
  2    SELECT DATE "2006-07-13","Ballroom","Miss. Scarlet"
  3      FROM dual
  4      WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT who FROM room
  5                         WHERE whn = DATE "2006-07-13"
  6                           AND wht="Ballroom");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM room;

WHO                   WHT                   WHN
--------------------  --------------------  ---------
Prof. Plum            Room 1                13-JUL-06
Miss. Scarlet         Ballroom              13-JUL-06
2 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> DROP TABLE BookBorrow;
Table dropped.
SQL> DROP TABLE BookReturn;
Table dropped.
SQL> DROP TABLE room;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>


Including Single and Double Quotes in a Column Value

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name)
  2               values ("01","Jason")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name)
  2                values("08","O""James")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason
08   O"James
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>


Insert default value

SQL>
SQL> create table employees(
  2    empno      NUMBER(4)
  3  , ename      VARCHAR2(8)
  4  , init       VARCHAR2(5)
  5  , job        VARCHAR2(8)
  6  , mgr        NUMBER(4)
  7  , bdate      DATE
  8  , msal       NUMBER(6,2)
  9  , comm       NUMBER(6,2)
 10  , deptno     NUMBER(2) ) ;
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into employees values(1,"Jason",  "N",  "TRAINER", 2,   date "1965-12-18",  800 , NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(2,"Jerry",  "J",  "SALESREP",3,   date "1966-11-19",  1600, 300,   10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(3,"Jord",   "T" , "SALESREP",4,   date "1967-10-21",  1700, 500,   20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(4,"Mary",   "J",  "MANAGER", 5,   date "1968-09-22",  1800, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(5,"Joe",    "P",  "SALESREP",6,   date "1969-08-23",  1900, 1400,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(6,"Black",  "R",  "MANAGER", 7,   date "1970-07-24",  2000, NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(7,"Red",    "A",  "MANAGER", 8,   date "1971-06-25",  2100, NULL,  40);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(8,"White",  "S",  "TRAINER", 9,   date "1972-05-26",  2200, NULL,  40);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(9,"Yellow", "C",  "DIRECTOR",10,  date "1973-04-27",  2300, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(10,"Pink",  "J",  "SALESREP",null,date "1974-03-28",  2400, 0,     30);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into employees(empno,ename,init,bdate,msal,deptno)
  2  values (7001,"ZOMBIE","ZZ",trunc(sysdate),0, DEFAULT);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employees where empno = 7001;
     EMPNO ENAME    INIT  JOB             MGR BDATE           MSAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- -------- ----- -------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7001 ZOMBIE   ZZ                        24-JUL-08          0
SQL>
SQL> drop table employees;
Table dropped.
SQL>


Insert double quote

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name)
  2               values ("01","Jason")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name)
  2                values("08","J"a"mes")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason
08   J"a"mes
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>


Insert value for specific columns

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE myTable (
  2       name  VARCHAR2(25) NOT NULL,
  3       price NUMBER(4,2)  NOT NULL,
  4       start_date DATE);
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (name, price) VALUES ("Product Name 2", 2.5);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (name, price) VALUES ("Product Name 3", 50.75);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO myTable (price, name) VALUES (99.99, "Product Name 4");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT * FROM myTable;

NAME                           PRICE START_DAT
------------------------- ---------- ---------
Product Name 2                   2.5
Product Name 3                 50.75
Product Name 4                 99.99
3 rows selected.
SQL> drop table myTable;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>


Omitting the Column List

When omitting the column list, the order of the values must match the order listed in the output from the DESCRIBE command.



SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>


Specifying a Null Value for a Column

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("02",NULL,       "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02              Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.
SQL>


to_date() and insert statement

SQL>
SQL> create sequence s_emp_id
  2  start with 1000;
Sequence created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table gift(
  2           gift_id                integer         primary key
  3          ,emp_id                integer
  4          ,register_date              date not null
  5          ,total_price        number(7,2)
  6          ,deliver_date           date
  7          ,deliver_time           varchar2(7)
  8          ,payment        varchar2(2)
  9          ,emp_no                 number(3,0)
 10          ,deliver_name           varchar2(35)
 11          ,message        varchar2(100)
 12  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id,emp_id,register_date,total_price,deliver_date,deliver_time,payment,emp_no,deliver_name,message)values
  2                 (1,1,"14-Feb-1999", 123.12, "14-Feb-1999", "12 noon", "CA",1, null, "Happy Birthday to you");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id  ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time ,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message)values
  2                 (2,1,"14-Feb-1999", 50.98, "14-feb-1999", "1 pm", "CA",7, "name1", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id  ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message )values
  2                 (3, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 35.99, "14-feb-1999", "1 pm", "VS",2, "Tom", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id  ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message )values
  2                 (4, 2,"14-Feb-1999", 19.95, "14-feb-1999", "5 pm", "CA",2, "Mary", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL> insert into gift(gift_id  ,emp_id ,register_date ,total_price ,deliver_date ,deliver_time,payment ,emp_no,deliver_name ,message)values
  2                 (5, 6,"4-mar-1999", 10.95, "5-mar-1999", "4:30 pm", "VS", 2, "Jack", "Happy Birthday");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into gift (gift_id, emp_id, register_date, payment)
  2  values (s_emp_id.nextval, s_emp_id.currval,
  3    to_date("01/15/2000", "mm/dd/yyyy"), "VS");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table gift;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop sequence s_emp_id;
Sequence dropped.
SQL>


To insert records into a table using a subquery:

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP(
  2      EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
  3      ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
  4      JOB VARCHAR2(9),
  5      MGR NUMBER(4),
  6      HIREDATE DATE,
  7      SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
  8      COMM NUMBER(7, 2),
  9      DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
 10  );
Table created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(2, "Jack", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("20-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1600, 300, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(3, "Wil", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("22-FEB-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 500, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(4, "Jane", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("2-APR-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2975, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(5, "Mary", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("28-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1250, 1400, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(6, "Black", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("1-MAY-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2850, NULL, 30);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7, "Chris", "Designer", 9,TO_DATE("9-JUN-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 2450, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(8, "Smart", "Helper", 4,TO_DATE("09-DEC-1982", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(9, "Peter", "Manager", NULL,TO_DATE("17-NOV-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 5000, NULL, 10);
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(10, "Take", "Tester", 6,TO_DATE("8-SEP-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 1500, 0, 30);
1 row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(13, "Fake", "Helper", 4,TO_DATE("3-DEC-1981", "DD-MON-YYYY"), 3000, NULL, 20);
1 row created.

SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE DEPT(
  2      DEPTNO NUMBER(2),
  3      DNAME VARCHAR2(14),
  4      LOC VARCHAR2(13)
  5  );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10, "ACCOUNTING", "NEW YORK");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20, "RESEARCH", "DALLAS");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (30, "SALES", "CHICAGO");
1 row created.
SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (40, "OPERATIONS", "BOSTON");
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO dept
  2      SELECT * FROM dept;
4 rows created.
SQL>
SQL> drop table dept;
Table dropped.


Truncate sysdate in insert statement

SQL>
SQL> create table employees(
  2    empno      NUMBER(4)
  3  , ename      VARCHAR2(8)
  4  , init       VARCHAR2(5)
  5  , job        VARCHAR2(8)
  6  , mgr        NUMBER(4)
  7  , bdate      DATE
  8  , msal       NUMBER(6,2)
  9  , comm       NUMBER(6,2)
 10  , deptno     NUMBER(2) ) ;
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> insert into employees values(1,"Jason",  "N",  "TRAINER", 2,   date "1965-12-18",  800 , NULL,  10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(2,"Jerry",  "J",  "SALESREP",3,   date "1966-11-19",  1600, 300,   10);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(3,"Jord",   "T" , "SALESREP",4,   date "1967-10-21",  1700, 500,   20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(4,"Mary",   "J",  "MANAGER", 5,   date "1968-09-22",  1800, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(5,"Joe",    "P",  "SALESREP",6,   date "1969-08-23",  1900, 1400,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(6,"Black",  "R",  "MANAGER", 7,   date "1970-07-24",  2000, NULL,  30);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(7,"Red",    "A",  "MANAGER", 8,   date "1971-06-25",  2100, NULL,  40);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(8,"White",  "S",  "TRAINER", 9,   date "1972-05-26",  2200, NULL,  40);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(9,"Yellow", "C",  "DIRECTOR",10,  date "1973-04-27",  2300, NULL,  20);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into employees values(10,"Pink",  "J",  "SALESREP",null,date "1974-03-28",  2400, 0,     30);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> insert into employees(empno,ename,init,bdate,msal,deptno)
  2  values (7001,"ZOMBIE","ZZ",trunc(sysdate),0, DEFAULT);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employees where empno = 7001;
     EMPNO ENAME    INIT  JOB             MGR BDATE           MSAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- -------- ----- -------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7001 ZOMBIE   ZZ                        24-JUL-08          0
SQL>
SQL> drop table employees;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>


Use trunc in insert statement

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
  2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) ,
  3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  5    Start_Date         DATE,
  6    End_Date           DATE,
  7    Salary             Number(8,2),
  8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
  9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
 10  )
 11  /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2               values ("01","Jason",    "Martin",  to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto",  "Programmer")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("02","Alison",   "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("03","James",    "Smith",   to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("04","Celia",    "Rice",    to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
  2                values("05","Robert",   "Black",   to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("06","Linda",    "Green",   to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York",  "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("07","David",    "Larry",   to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York",  "Manager")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
  2                values("08","James",    "Cat",     to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
  3  /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO employee (start_date) VALUES (trunc(sysdate));
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> select * from Employee
  2  /
ID   FIRST_NAME           LAST_NAME            START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01   Jason                Martin               25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02   Alison               Mathews              21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03   James                Smith                12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04   Celia                Rice                 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05   Robert               Black                15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06   Linda                Green                30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07   David                Larry                31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08   James                Cat                  17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
                                               06-JUN-07
9 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> drop table Employee
  2  /
Table dropped.