Oracle PL/SQL/PL SQL/Your own Exception — различия между версиями
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Admin (обсуждение | вклад) м (1 версия) |
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Текущая версия на 09:59, 26 мая 2010
Содержание
Define and use your own exception
SQL>
SQL> -- define and use your own exception
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> declare
2 CHILD_ERROR exception;
3 begin
4 raise CHILD_ERROR;
5 end;
6 /
declare
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06510: PL/SQL: unhandled user-defined exception
ORA-06512: at line 4
SQL>
Handling a user-defined exception
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE session (
2 department CHAR(3),
3 course NUMBER(3),
4 description VARCHAR2(2000),
5 max_lecturer NUMBER(3),
6 current_lecturer NUMBER(3),
7 num_credits NUMBER(1),
8 room_id NUMBER(5)
9 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("HIS", 101, "History 101", 30, 11, 4, 20000);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("HIS", 301, "History 301", 30, 0, 4, 20004);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("CS", 101, "Computer Science 101", 50, 0, 4, 20001);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("ECN", 203, "Economics 203", 15, 0, 3, 20002);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("CS", 102, "Computer Science 102", 35, 3, 4, 20003);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("MUS", 410, "Music 410", 5, 4, 3, 20005);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("ECN", 101, "Economics 101", 50, 0, 4, 20007);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("NUT", 307, "Nutrition 307", 20, 2, 4, 20008);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("MUS", 100, "Music 100", 100, 0, 3, NULL);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE myLogTable (
2 code NUMBER,
3 message VARCHAR2(200),
4 info VARCHAR2(100)
5 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 myException EXCEPTION;
3 studentCount NUMBER(3);
4 studentMax NUMBER(3);
5 BEGIN
6 SELECT current_lecturer, max_lecturer
7 INTO studentCount, studentMax
8 FROM session
9 WHERE department = "HIS" AND course = 101;
10 IF studentCount > studentMax THEN
11 RAISE myException;
12 END IF;
13 EXCEPTION
14 WHEN myException THEN
15 INSERT INTO myLogTable (info) VALUES ("History 101 has " || studentCount ||
16 "lecturer: max allowed is " || studentMax);
17 END;
18 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> drop table myLogTable;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop table session;
Table dropped.
How to define your own exception
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- User defined exception
SQL>
SQL> begin
2 declare --start of nested block
3 NESTED_EXCEPTION exception;
4 begin
5 raise NESTED_EXCEPTION;
6 end; --end of nested block
7 exception
8 when NESTED_EXCEPTION then
9 dbms_output.put_line("NESTED_EXCEPTION caught!");
10 end;
11 /
when NESTED_EXCEPTION then
*
ERROR at line 8:
ORA-06550: line 8, column 10:
PLS-00201: identifier "NESTED_EXCEPTION" must be declared
ORA-06550: line 0, column 0:
PL/SQL: Compilation unit analysis terminated
SQL>
SQL>
Insert Exception message to an audit table
SQL> -- log exception to log
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ("01","Jason", "Martin", to_date("19960725","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20060725","YYYYMMDD"), 1234.56, "Toronto", "Programmer")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("02","Alison", "Mathews", to_date("19760321","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19860221","YYYYMMDD"), 6661.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("03","James", "Smith", to_date("19781212","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19900315","YYYYMMDD"), 6544.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("04","Celia", "Rice", to_date("19821024","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19990421","YYYYMMDD"), 2344.78, "Vancouver","Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("05","Robert", "Black", to_date("19840115","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980808","YYYYMMDD"), 2334.78, "Vancouver","Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("06","Linda", "Green", to_date("19870730","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19960104","YYYYMMDD"), 4322.78,"New York", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("07","David", "Larry", to_date("19901231","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("19980212","YYYYMMDD"), 7897.78,"New York", "Manager")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values("08","James", "Cat", to_date("19960917","YYYYMMDD"), to_date("20020415","YYYYMMDD"), 1232.78,"Vancouver", "Tester")
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_new_employee
2 (employee_id_in IN NUMBER, salary_in IN NUMBER)
3 IS
4 no_salary EXCEPTION;
5
6 BEGIN
7 IF salary_in = 0 THEN
8 RAISE no_salary;
9 ELSE
10 INSERT INTO employee (id, salary ) VALUES ( employee_id_in, salary_in );
11 END IF;
12
13 EXCEPTION
14 WHEN no_salary THEN
15 raise_application_error (-20001,"You must have salary in order to insert the employee.");
16
17
18
19
20 END;
21 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> exec add_new_employee("99",0);
BEGIN add_new_employee("99",0); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20001: You must have salary in order to insert the employee.
ORA-06512: at "sqle.ADD_NEW_EMPLOYEE", line 15
ORA-06512: at line 1
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
SQL>
Raise User-defined exceptions
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 myException EXCEPTION;
3 BEGIN
4
5 RAISE myException;
6
7 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE("This enrollment has been deleted");
8 EXCEPTION
9
10 WHEN myException THEN
11 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE("This enrollment is already confirmed");
12 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE("It cannot be deleted");
13 END;
14
15 /
This enrollment is already confirmed
It cannot be deleted
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
used defined exception
SQL>
SQL> declare
2 NESTED_EXCEPTION exception;
3 begin
4
5 raise NESTED_EXCEPTION;
6
7 exception
8
9 when NESTED_EXCEPTION then
10 dbms_output.put_line("NESTED_EXCEPTION caught!");
11 end;
12 /
NESTED_EXCEPTION caught!
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL>
Using SQLCODE and SQLERRM
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE session (
2 department CHAR(3),
3 course NUMBER(3),
4 description VARCHAR2(2000),
5 max_lecturer NUMBER(3),
6 current_lecturer NUMBER(3),
7 num_credits NUMBER(1),
8 room_id NUMBER(5)
9 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("HIS", 101, "History 101", 30, 11, 4, 20000);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("HIS", 301, "History 301", 30, 0, 4, 20004);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("CS", 101, "Computer Science 101", 50, 0, 4, 20001);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("ECN", 203, "Economics 203", 15, 0, 3, 20002);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("CS", 102, "Computer Science 102", 35, 3, 4, 20003);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("MUS", 410, "Music 410", 5, 4, 3, 20005);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("ECN", 101, "Economics 101", 50, 0, 4, 20007);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("NUT", 307, "Nutrition 307", 20, 2, 4, 20008);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL> INSERT INTO session(department, course, description, max_lecturer, current_lecturer, num_credits, room_id)
2 VALUES ("MUS", 100, "Music 100", 100, 0, 3, NULL);
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> CREATE TABLE myLogTable (
2 code NUMBER,
3 message VARCHAR2(200),
4 info VARCHAR2(100)
5 );
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 myException EXCEPTION;
3 studentCount NUMBER(3);
4 studentMax NUMBER(3);
5
6 v_ErrorCode NUMBER;
7 v_ErrorText VARCHAR2(200);
8
9 BEGIN
10 SELECT current_lecturer, max_lecturer
11 INTO studentCount, studentMax
12 FROM session
13 WHERE department = "HIS" AND course = 101;
14 IF studentCount > studentMax THEN
15 RAISE myException;
16 END IF;
17 EXCEPTION
18 WHEN myException THEN
19 INSERT INTO myLogTable (info) VALUES ("History 101 has " || studentCount ||
20 "lecturer: max allowed is " || studentMax);
21 WHEN OTHERS THEN
22 v_ErrorCode := SQLCODE;
23 v_ErrorText := SUBSTR(SQLERRM, 1, 200); -- Note the use of SUBSTR here.
24 INSERT INTO myLogTable (code, message, info) VALUES
25 (v_ErrorCode, v_ErrorText, "Oracle error occurred");
26 END;
27 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
SQL> drop table session;
Table dropped.
SQL> drop table myLogTable;
Table dropped.
SQL>